intermolecular forces Flashcards
intramolecular bonds/forces (1)
true chemical bonds that occur within molecules
types of intramolecular bonds (3)
- covalent (polar; non-polar/dative)
- ionic
- metallic
intermolecular bonds/forces (1)
a force of attraction between molecules, ions, or atoms of noble gases
intermolecular vs intramolecular (2)
inter- are weaker and act over greater distance than intra-
Van der Waals forces (2)
intermolecular forces between molecules
(no ions !) generally weaker than ion forces except ion-induced dipole
-exerted in all direction
ranking of intermolecular forces (7)
(strongest to weakest) ion-ion ion-dipole hydrogen bonds dipole-dipole ion-induced dipole dipole-induced dipole London dispersion forces
hydrogen bonding (2)
covalent bonding of w/ hydrogen with F O or N
type of dipole-dipole
physical properties in intermolecular forces (2)
intermolecular force length/type/strength determines many physical properties larger molecule (molar mass [g.mol-1]) means greater inter. force
stronger intermolecular force means… (3)
- higher density
- higher melting point
- higher boiling point
momentary dipoles (2)
when electrons become displaced in non polar molecules and are temporarily polar, (aka induced dipole-induced dipole), makes other molecules polar which is the reason there is a lil bit of attraction but its weak
solution (2)
a mixture
the solute is dissolved into the solvent
homogenous mixture (1)
same texture, colour, state
possible solutions (3)
polar + polar
polar + ionic
non-polar + non-polar
(def not polar and nonpolar)
electronegativity definition (1)
a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons
intermolecular forces in states of matter (2)
in a liquid or a solid there must be forces between the molecules causing them to be attracted to one another, otherwise, the molecules would move apart and become a gas
