Intergroup Relations and Prejudice Flashcards
Stereotype -
Simplified but widely shared belief about a characteristic of a group and its members.
Prejudice -
negative, affective prejudgement about a group and its individual members.
Discrimination -
Negative treatment of a group member simply because of their group membership.
Minority -
a culturally, ethnically, or racially distinct group that coexists with but is subordinate to a more dominant group – Majority
Ingroup –
A social group to which you belong
Outgroup -
A social group to which you do not belong
Intergroup Processes:
Situations, cognitions, beliefs, and feelings that arise when people from different groups interact with or think about each other
How Prejudice is Damaging
Victimised groups have less: quality of life, education, healthcare, jobs, money etc
Lowered Self-esteem
Self-fulfilling prophecies
Gifted children bloom (Rosenthal and Rubin 1978) and ‘better’ soldiers outperformed others (Eden 1990)
Violence, War, Genocide, Ethnic death
Different perspectives on Prejudice
Personality Approaches
Cognitive Approaches
Social Identity Approach
These have developed over time, however, all still exist to some extent
Personality Approaches
Frustration-Aggression
The Authoritarian Personality
The Right Wing Authoritarian
Dogmatism and Closed Mindedness
Social Dominance Orientation
Illusory Correlation
Cognitive exaggeration or false-perception of two co-occurring factors
Paired distinctiveness
Minority group associated with –ve things
Associative meaning
Stereotypes persist because people assume negative attributes go with minority groups
Social Approaches
Critique of ‘Deficit Theories’ (Oakes and Reynolds 1997)
Realistic Conflict
Minimal pairs
Social Identity Theory
Self Categorisation Theory
Discursive Psychology
Social factors lead to prejudice (Sherif 1966)
Positive Interdependence – no conflict
Negative Interdependence – conflict occurs
SIT:
Stereotypes accurate at group level identity
