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BDS3 CLINICAL Ortho > Interceptive Ortho I > Flashcards

Interceptive Ortho I Flashcards

1
Q

What are interceptive orthodontics

A

any procedure that will reduce or eliminate the severity of a developing malocclusion

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2
Q

What is the mouth like at birth

A

gum pads
the upper gum pads are rounded while the lower is U shaped
they often appear very class II
sometimes have anterior open bite

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3
Q

What is the eruption of deciduous teeth

A

6 months - 2.5 hours

ABDCE

lowers before uppers

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4
Q

What is the deciduous dentition like

A

incisors more upright
spaced
more susceptible to wear

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5
Q

What is the impact of deciduous dentition spacing on crowding

A

if there is no spacing = 2/3 develop crowding

<3mm = 50% crowding

3-6mm = 20% crowding

> 6mm = no crowding

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6
Q

What teeth are early mixed dentition

A

6s, 1s, 2s

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7
Q

Which teeth are late mixed dentition

A

4s, 3s, 5s, 7s

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8
Q

How can lower labial segment crowding spontaneously improve

A

up to 3.5mm of crowding may spontaneously improve

transverse growth increasing inter canine width

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9
Q

Why do diasetemas in 6 YO improve

A

due to the canine

if its <2.5mm the diastema should lose

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10
Q

What could be the cause of an unerupted central incisor

A

supernumeraries
trauma/dilaceration
other pathology

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11
Q

How do we deal with supernumerary if they are delaying eruption

A

remove deciduous and supernumerary
expose/bond
create space
monitor

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12
Q

What can trauma to permanent deciduous predecessor result in

A

can result in dilaceration

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13
Q

What is the aetiology of median diastema

A

normal (small teeth)
supernumerary
missing teeth

radiograph

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14
Q

What is the leeway space

A

difference between EDC and 345

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15
Q

What is the normal lee way space

A
  1. 5mm in maxilla

2. 5mm in mandible

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16
Q

When measuring spaced required for premolars and canines what do we measure

A

measure from medial of 6 to distal of 2

want more than 18.5mm for there to be room for permanent successor

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17
Q

What is balancing

A

take out on contralateral side

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18
Q

How does the effect of balancing and compensating vary with

A

crowding
age
arch

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19
Q

What is compensating

A

take out from opposite arch

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20
Q

What is the management for early loss of As and Bs

A

little impact

don’t balance or compensate

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21
Q

What is management for early loss of C’s

A

balance
midline will shift
worse if severely crowded

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22
Q

What is the management of early loss of D’s

A

small CL shift

balance under GA

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23
Q

What is the management of early loss of the Es

A

not to balance
major space loss
upper > lower

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24
Q

When should the first assessment of premolars be

A

9 years

25
Q

What are general rules for extraction of 6s

A

if extracting lower take upper
don’t balance with sound tooth
if extracting upper don’t necessarily take lower

26
Q

When extracting first molars what do you want ideally

A 
7s furcation forming 
8s present 
class 1 av/reduced OB
moderate lower crowding
mild moderate upper crowding
27
Q

What is the appliance for a posterior unilateral cross bite

A 
active component - midline screw
adams clasps on 4s and 6s
has posterior bite planes
overcorrect 
can take 6-9 months to correct
28
Q

When do we treat anterior cross bite

A

early

treat early when laterals come through with URAs

29
Q

What is the stability of anterior cross bite

A

if you have a good overbite for ACB then don’t need a retainer even if patient grows

30
Q

What is the stability of posterior cross bite

A

50% relapse

overcorrect to maintain corrected even after relapse

31
Q

What are malocclusions that come from habits

A

proclined upper incisors
retroclined lower incisors
asymmetric AOB or reduced OB
unilateral posterior x bite

32
Q

When do you want the patient to give up their habit

A

<10 years as can resolve

33
Q

What do we do for retained deciduous teeth

A

take out relatively soon as there is capacity for adult teeth to drift

34
Q

What are infra occluded deciduous teeth called

A 
submerging teeth
due to ankylosis
happens more often in lower 
doesn't always have sucessor
happens in 10%
35
Q

How can we diagnose infra occluded deciduous teeth

A

visual
percussion - tap it
radiographs

36
Q

What is the management for submerging teeth

A

if has a permanent successor then observe for one year

if no successor then extract it

37
Q

When should you extract the submerging tooth

A

when only 1mm of crown showing

38
Q

Where do the upper canines develop

A 
palatally below the orbit
long migration 
migrate and lie labial and distal to root apex of upper laterals 
90% palpable by 11 yrs
if can't feel ti then radiograph
39
Q

How do we assess canines for delayed eruption / ectopic position

A

assess position of upper canines from 10 yrs onwards
should palpate by 11 years
mobile C’s, symmetry

40
Q

What is ideal radiographs for localisation of ectopic canines

A

anterior maxillary occlusal

OPT

41
Q

If you detect an ectopic canine then what can you do

A

extract the Cs
success depends on how high the canine is and how much of the adjacent incisor it overlaps
if doesn’t overlap by over a half then over 90% chance
if more than half then 60%
if lots of space then higher success rate, can get rapid maxillary expansion and high pull head gear

42
Q

What is the cause of reverse overjet

A

dental/skeletal/combination

43
Q

What is the incisor angulations that we need to treat a reverse overjet using camouflage treatment

A

Upper has to be less than 120 and lowers less than 80 degrees

44
Q

What are the functional appliances for class II

A 
functional regulator (FR)
frankel III
45
Q

What is the difference between FR2 and FR3

A

FR3 is an FR2 but upside down

46
Q

What is the function of FR3

A

tries to change soft tissue environment to make sure teeth can move in desired direction

47
Q

What are the components of the functional appliances of FR2 and 3

A

buccal shields
pelots
tight lower labial bow
spring to proline ULS

48
Q

What is the function of the buccal shields

A

tries to hold the cheeks and buccinator away from teeth to allow them to expand naturally

49
Q

What is the function of the pelots

A

at the front

hold lips away from teeth to allow them to tip forward

50
Q

What is the function of the labial bow

A

tip teeth back

51
Q

What is the success rate of the functional appliances for class III

A

<30%

52
Q

What is maxillary protection

A

pull maxilla forward

53
Q

What does maxillary protraction consist of

A

reverse pull headgear with facemask

can be with rapid maxillary expansion

54
Q

What is the success rate of maxillary protraction

A

70% success rate

55
Q

What is the newer technique for maxillary protraction

A

strong class III elastic traction worn FT
applied to bone screws or plates fixed to maxilla and mandible
applied to bone screws or plates fixed to maxilla and mandible

90% success rate

56
Q

What is the cause of increased OJ

A

dental skeletal combo

57
Q

What is the issue of an increased OJ

A

risk of trauma

incompetent lips

58
Q

What is the interceptive tx for class II

A

functional appliance

head gear to restrict maxillary forward growth

59
Q

How does the functional appliance for class II work

A

harness the forces generated by big muscles that sit around the jaw to promote mandibular growth and restrict maxillary growth and top teeth back

BDS3 CLINICAL Ortho (11 decks)

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