Interactive Cases

Question 1

How should you interpret an FBC?

Answer 1

Question 2

What are the common features of haemolytic anaemias?

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the difference between inherited and acquired haemolytic anaemias?

Answer 3

Question 4

Give examples of inherited and acquired haemolytic anaemias.

Answer 4

• MAHA
• Drug-induced
• HUS
• Infections: malaria
• Aortic stenosis

Question 5

Answer 5

• 3 most likely causes of this anaemia (low MCV anaemia):
  
  • Iron deficiency
  • Thalassaemia
  • Anaemic of chronic disease (normal or low MCV)

Question 6

How do you differentiate between anaemia of chronic disease and iron deficiency anaemia?

Answer 6

Question 7

What happens during anaemia of chronic disease?

Answer 7

Question 8

What causes an isolated single lineage cytopenia with otherwise normal FBC?

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

B12 deficiency - super high MCV (only seen due to folate and B12 deficiency)

Likely has autoimmune disorder of parietal cells

Question 10

Answer 10

Leukoerythroblastic anaemia - marrow cells being forced out due to infiltrative cancer

Could be due to blood cancer or a metastatic non-haematological cancer (likely prostate due to difficulty urinating)

Question 11

Answer 11

BCR ABL1 - PCR Assay

Question 12

What is the hx, exam, FBC and Blood film finding in CML?

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (acts predominantly on ABL)

Question 14

Answer 14

Blast crisis

Question 15

Answer 15

JAK2V617F mutation analysis

Question 16

Answer 16

CLL - Immunophenotyping for CD19/CD5/CD3 expression

Question 17

Answer 17

Target malignant B cells with Ibrutinib

Ruxolotinib - polycthaemia vera

Question 18

Answer 18

Multiple myeloma

Question 19

What are the clinical features of myeloma?

Answer 19

Question 20

What is the likely cause of renal failure in MM?

Answer 20

Cast nephropathy (free light chains can pass the glomeruli and cause failure)