*Interactionist Approach To SZ Flashcards
What is the definition of vulnerability in the context of the diathesis-stress model?
Biological disposition
Vulnerability refers to a person’s biological predisposition to develop a condition.
What does the term ‘stressor’ refer to in the diathesis-stress model?
A negative experience
Stressors are events or experiences that can trigger the onset of a psychological condition.
What does the original diathesis-stress model argue?
You need the biological disposition and then a stressor
This model suggests that both genetic and environmental factors are necessary for the development of schizophrenia.
How does the new diathesis-stress model differ from the original?
A stressor can become a vulnerability due to trauma causing biological changes
This model highlights that stressors can alter biological dispositions over time.
What is the Interactionist Approach also known as?
The biosocial approach
This approach considers the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors in the development of schizophrenia.
What are the biological factors acknowledged in the Interactionist Approach?
Genetic vulnerability, neurological and neurochemical abnormalities
These factors contribute to the risk of developing schizophrenia.
What psychological factor is recognized in the Interactionist Approach?
Stress
Psychological stress is a critical element that can trigger schizophrenia in vulnerable individuals.
What social factor is acknowledged in the Interactionist Approach?
Poor family interactions
Family dynamics can significantly influence the risk of developing schizophrenia.
Who proposed the diathesis-stress model in 1962?
Meehl
Meehl introduced the concept of diathesis, highlighting genetic contributions to vulnerability.
What does ‘diathesis’ mean?
Vulnerability (purely genetic)
Diathesis refers to the genetic predisposition towards developing a psychological condition.
What is the result of the schizogene according to Meehl’s model?
Biologically based ‘schizotypic personality’
Schizotypic personality is characterized by sensitivity to stress and vulnerability to schizophrenia.
What is necessary to trigger schizophrenia according to the diathesis-stress model?
Both vulnerability and stressor
The interaction of these two elements is essential for the onset of schizophrenia.
What can trigger schizophrenia in carriers of the schizogene?
Stress
Stressful experiences can activate the genetic predisposition in these individuals.
What is the concept of the ‘schizophrenogenic mother’?
A significant stressor
This concept refers to a mother’s behavior that is thought to contribute to the development of schizophrenia in her children.
What modern understanding exists regarding genetic vulnerability?
Lots of genes increase a person’s vulnerability
Research indicates that multiple genetic factors contribute to the risk of developing schizophrenia.
How does psychological trauma relate to vulnerability?
Increases vulnerability
Traumatic experiences can enhance the risk of developing mental health issues.
What does the neurodevelopmental model suggest?
Early traumas alter the brain
This model emphasizes the impact of early life stress on brain development and subsequent mental health.
What can happen to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system due to trauma?
It can become overactive
An overactive HPA system increases vulnerability to stress and mental health issues.
What is the modern definition of stress in the context of schizophrenia?
Anything that risks triggering schizophrenia
This broad definition includes various factors that may lead to the onset of the condition.
How does cannabis relate to schizophrenia?
It is a factor that triggers schizophrenia
Cannabis use has been linked to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia.
By how much does cannabis increase the risk of schizophrenia?
Up to 7 times
This statistic highlights the significant risk associated with cannabis use in vulnerable individuals.
What does cannabis interfere with to increase the risk of schizophrenia?
The dopamine system
Disruption of dopamine pathways is known to be implicated in schizophrenia.
What does the interactionist model of treatment acknowledge?
Biological and psychological factors
This model integrates both types of treatment for a more comprehensive approach.
What treatments does the interactionist model combine?
Antipsychotics and psychological therapy
Combining these treatments can enhance their effectiveness.
According to Turkington et al, is it possible to believe in biological causes and still use CBT?
Yes
This suggests a flexible approach to treatment that incorporates different methodologies.
What was the focus of Tienari et al’s study?
Impact of genetic vulnerability and a psychological trigger
This study examined how these factors interact to influence the risk of schizophrenia.
What was found in Tienari et al’s study regarding high genetic risk groups?
High levels of criticism and hostility from adoptive parents were associated with the development of SZ
This highlights the role of family dynamics in mental health.
What are some limitations of the interactionist approach?
The original model is oversimplified
Critiques point out that it does not account for the complexity of genetic and environmental interactions.
What is a critique regarding the concept of ‘schizogene’?
There is no ‘schizogene’
This term is considered misleading as multiple genes contribute to vulnerability.
What does Houston et al emphasize regarding vulnerability?
Sexual abuse is a major influence
This suggests that trauma can significantly affect an individual’s mental health risk.
What is a major limitation of the interactionist model in terms of stress?
Multiple forms of stress exist
The model may not adequately address the variety of stressors that can influence mental health.
