Interactionist Approach Flashcards

1
Q

interactionist approach

A
  • acknowledges that there are biological, psychological + societal factors in the development of SZ
  • bio factors = genetic vulnerability + neurochemical
  • psychological = stress from resulting life events
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2
Q

the diathesis stress model

A
  • diathesis = vulnerability
  • stress = negative psychological experiences
  • model states that both a vulnerability to SZ + stress-trigger are necessary in order to develop the condition
  • many genes increase genetic vulnerability, not one single gene
  • early trauma e.g. childhood abuse affects brain development = makes the person more vulnerable to stress
  • e.g. anything that risks triggering SZ e.g. cannabis –> interferes w/ dopamine system
  • although most people don’t take cannabis but develop SZ
    = clearly other stressors
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3
Q

treatment according to the interactionist model

A
  • interactionist approach = compatible with biological + psychological treatments
    = combining w/ medication + CBTp
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4
Q

disads of interactionist approach

A
  • incomplete understanding
  • too simple
  • treatment-causation fallacy
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5
Q

ads of interactionist approach

A
  • research support
  • combination of treatments
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6
Q

research support - ads of interactionist approach

A
  • there is evidence for the role of vulnerability + triggers
  • research support through Tienari’s study on children adopted away from SZ mothers
  • adopted parents’ parenting style was compared to a control group w/ no genetic risk
    = a child-rearing style w/ high levels of criticism, conflict + low levels of empathy = lead to the risk of developing SZ BUT only for children w/ high genetic risk
    = shows very strong direct support for the interactionist approach
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7
Q

combination of treatments - ads of interactionist approach

A
  • there is support for the effectiveness of combination of treatments
  • study where 315 patients were randomly allocated to 3 groups:
  • group 1 = medication + CBT group
  • group 2 = a medication + support counselling group
  • group 3 = a control group
    = found that groups 1 and 2 showed lower symptoms than in control group
    = shows that there is a clear practical advantage to adopting the interactionist approach in the form of a superior treatment for SZ
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8
Q

too simple - disads of interactionist approach

A
  • original diathesis stress model = too simple
  • multiple genes increase vulnerability, there is no schizogene
  • stress comes in many forces including bio factors
    e.g. found childhood sexual trauma = diathesis + cannabis = trigger
    = shows that the old idea of diathesis as biological + stress as psych = overly simple
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9
Q

incomplete understanding - disads of interactionist approach

A
  • we don’t exactly know how diathesis stress works
  • we don’t understand the mechanisms by which symptoms of SZ appear
  • or how both vulnerability + stress produce them
    = we have an incomplete understanding of the actual medication

e.g. no vulnerability + no stressors = develop SZ
e.g. have vulnerability + have stressors = don’t develop SZ
= comes down to individual differences?

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10
Q

treatment-causation fallacy - disads of interactionist approach

A
  • further limitation = treatment-causation fallacy (false)
  • psych argued that the combination of bio + psych therapies are more effective than either on their own
    = doesn’t mean the interactionist approach to Z is biological in its origin
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