Intelligence Flashcards
High aptitude or competence – high intelligence (usually describes children) (IQ>130)
Giftedness
IQ <70 and difficulty with living independently
Intellectual disability
Extent to which a test predicts future performance
Predictive validity
If the test measures/predicts what it’s supposed to
Validity
Will people get the same scores if they take the test twice?
Reliability
Symmetrical distribution of scores
Normal curve
Make scores meaningful by comparing them to a pretested group
Standardization
Tests that predict future performance
Aptitude test
Tests what you’ve learned – do you know it?
Achievement test
Test to compare mental age to chronological age (Mental age/chronological age)
Intelligence quotient
Emotional intelligence
Ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Eight types of intelligence: Naturalist, spatial, linguistic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, logical/mathematical, musical, bodily-kinesthetic
Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence (Successful Intelligence)
Three parts to intelligence: analytically solve problems, creatively/imagination, practicality/street smarts
Don’t have high g but one area of exceptional ability – can be acquired through brain damage
Savant syndrome
Factor analysis
Based on how testers answer each question, can perform factor analysis to group items into factors
A general measure of mental ability
General intelligence
When we expect certain behavior of others, we act in a way that causes an increase in that behavior
Expectancy effect
When you conform to a stereotype after learning of it
Stereotype threat
If the test measures content it’s supposed to measure
Criterion validity
Three things a test should have
Standardization, reliability, validity
Split-half reliability
If the test is randomly split in half and you get the same grade on each half, then the test is reliable
The Flynn Effect
IQ goes up every year
What percentile score you are in, just a way of saying where you are in comparison to everyone else
Percentile rank
Wechsler Scales (WAIS and WISC)
Intelligence scale focused on nonverbal reasoning, still uses normal curve to determine score —– allows more accurate measure of childrens and foreigners intelligence
Stanford-Binet Scale
Uses intelligence quotient, old, Americans, have to be good at English
Lewis Terman
Had the largest longitudinal study of all time but it failed to show a relationship between IQ and success
Only people with good qualities should reproduce
Eugenics
A neurological myth, just a preference
Learning styles
Aspects of intelligence
Fluid intelligence (ability to use abstract thought), crystallized intelligence (knowledge), quantitative reasoning, visual-spatial processing, working memory, perceptual speed, verbal ability-fluency and comprehension
Intelligence
Ability to learn from experience, problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
