Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Developmental > Intelligence > Flashcards

Intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

Define IQ

A

Intelligence Quotient = index of an individual’s intelligence score

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some advantages of a non-verbal IQ test?

A

Eliminates issues with language, verbal abilities, cultural differences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who reasoned that intelligence is a product of natural selection, thus must be genetically determined, and saw potential in theory of evolution for planned human betterment?

A

Francis Galton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who developed the 1st IQ test to measure student abilities for education purposes?

A

Binet and Simon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did Lewis Terman and Maud Merrill do?

A

Devised the Stanford-Binet Scale and studied a sample of “gifted” children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What did Lewis Terman do?

A

Assigned soliders to tasks appropriate to their abilities during WW1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define eugenics

A

Promotes selective breeding to cultivate desirable characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What did Cyril Burt do?

A

Advised the British government to use aptitude tests to find whether children should go to Grammar schools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did Cyril Burt’s research on intelligence seem to suggest about occupational levels and social class?

A

They are determined by innate and hereditary levels of intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some issues with the history of intelligence?

A

Cultural bias (intelligence tests favour groups from more affluent backgrounds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does WISC stand for?

A

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does WASI stand for?

A

Wechsler Adult Scale for intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define genotype

A

Genetic makeup of an organisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define phenotype

A

Observable physical properties of an organism (appearance, development and behaviour), & includes both genotype and environmental influences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can we measure, genotype or phenotype?

A

Phenotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does looking at a degree of genetic relatedness involve?

A

Looking at people with various degrees of relatedness can give us an understanding of the genetic basis of a concept

17
Q

What is an Atheoretical definition of intelligence?

A

Intelligence is what IQ tests measure

18
Q

What do IQ tests highly correlate with?

A

With each other and with other measures e.g. academic performance

19
Q

Define generalised intelligence

A

Single construct that influences all cognitive functioning and is demonstrated through correlations of performances on different tests

20
Q

Define fluid intelligence

A

Cognitive functioning component not influenced by the environment, fixed throughout lifetime

21
Q

Define crystallised intelligence

A

Stored factual information, benefits from schooling can change throughout life span

22
Q

Which type of study is valuable to examine genetic characteristics? Give one limitation of this study

A

Twin studies- Hard to separate genetic and environmental factors

23
Q

What is degree of genetic relatedness?

A

Examining individuals with varying levels of shared genes can help us pick apart genetic influences

24
Q

What are some environmental factors?

A

Environment in the womb, family environment

25
Q

What did Elardo’s research find out about the quality of the family environment on IQ?

A

Rating of family when child was aged 24 months correlated with IQ at 3 years

26
Q

What is the covariance between inheritance and environment?

A

Intelligent children tend to have intelligent parents who provide an enriched environment

27
Q

What does the transactional process involve?

A

Intelligent children provoke an intelligent response, feeding their development- it’s not possible to specify which part of performance is due to heredity and environment

28
Q

In Benton and Robert’s study on diet and IQ, what happened?

A

50% of the sample took a vitamin supplement every day for 3 months and the other 50% took a placebo

29
Q

What were the findings to Benton and Robert’s study?

A

Children in the experimental group had a greater IQ increase compared to control- but this was only found in children with poor nutrition

30
Q

What were the results to Owen et al.’s research on cognitive training?

A

Pls became better at cognitive tasks they trained on, but these effects didn’t transfer to other tests and to everyday cognition

31
Q

What is the confluence model?

A

First born children spend more time with intelligent adults and spend more time with children as they get more siblings

32
Q

What is the dilution model?

A

1st child spends more time with adults and gets more attention- as the number of siblings increases the time parents spend with each child decreases

33
Q

What is the Flynn effect?

A

IQ maybe 25 points higher for a test designed in the 30s- can’t be evolutionary- improvements in education, nutrition and supportive parenting styles

Developmental (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions