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Developmental > Developmental disorders > Flashcards

Developmental disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is a developmental disorder?

A

Divergence from typical development, identified in childhood

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2
Q

How long to developmental disorder last for?

A

Lifetime

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3
Q

How many children have a developmental disorder?

A

1 in 10

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4
Q

What can cause developmental disorders?

A

Genetics (can be inherited or due to random mutation) and environment

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5
Q

What disorder is an example of a genetically caused disorder?

A

Down’s syndrome

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6
Q

Define a putative genetic basis

A

Researchers assume there’s a genetic basis because of circumstantial evidence

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7
Q

What disorder is an example of a putative genetic basis?

A

Autism

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8
Q

In what ways can developmental disorders be influenced by environmental factors?

A

Nutrition and features of the home environment

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9
Q

What is an example of a developmental disorder caused by environment?

A

Cerebral Palsy

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10
Q

How would a child get a diagnosis?

A

GP, specialist and assessments

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11
Q

What kind of assessments would paediatricians and clinical psychologists do?

A

History of difficulty, standardised assessments and observations

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12
Q

What are some characteristics of Autism?

A

Differences in social interactions, communication and restricted interests and repetitive behaviours

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13
Q

How many children I the US have autism?

A

1 in 44

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14
Q

Historically, is autism more common in boys or girls?

A

Boys

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15
Q

Approximately, what percentage of autistic people are non-verbal?

A

40%

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16
Q

In the TOM test, how did autistic children perform?

A

Autistic children performed worse than verbal and nonverbal matched groups

17
Q

In the Theory of Weak ‘Central Coherence’ test, how did autistic children perform?

A

They were faster and more accurate on the embedded figures task and the block design task

18
Q

What does ADHD stand for?

A

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

19
Q

What are some factors of ADHD?

A

Inattention, Hyperactivity and Impulsivity

20
Q

How many people have ADHD?

A

8 in 100

21
Q

Is ADHD more common in boys or girls?

A

Boys

22
Q

What % of ADHD is heritable?

A

75%

23
Q

What did Barkley suggest ADHD is?

A

Primary differences in executive functioning

24
Q

What did Sonuga-Barke suggest about ADHD?

A

Primary differences with reward and motivation, and a difficulty with delayed gratification

25
Q

How many people have a language disorder?

A

7 in 100

26
Q

Is language disorders more common in boys or girls?

A

Boys

27
Q

What parts of the brain are implicated in language disorders?

A

Broca’s area and Wernicke’s are

28
Q

Define Developmental Dyslexia

A

Difficulty in reading and spelling that isn’t explained by generally poor ability

29
Q

What are some factors of dyslexia?

A

Struggle to identify how many syllables a word has, identify rhyming words and difficulty in discriminating between sounds of different letters

30
Q

In what kind of language is developmental dyslexia more common in?

A

More common in non-transparent languages (English) than transparent languages (Italian and Japanese)

31
Q

Are we searching for a cure for neurodivergence?

A

No

32
Q

What movement is changing the way we conceive developmental disorders?

A

The Neurodiversity Movement

Developmental (5 decks)

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