Intellectual Revolutions that Defined Society Flashcards
created a body of scientific theory that towered like a colossus
over Western Civilization for some 2000 years
Aristotle,
is a period where paradigm shifts occurred and where
scientific beliefs that have been widely embraced and accepted by the people were
challenged and opposed.
intellectual revolution
The first person who started this slow process of dismantling
Aristotle’s cosmology was
Copernicus.
His findings would reinforce the process of finding
new explanations, which would lead to the work of Kepler and Galileo.
Copernicus.
was a Polish scholar working at the University of Padua in
northern Italy.
Nicolas Copernicus
was the main authority who put order
to and passed this cumbersome system of epicycles to posterity.
Ptolemy
laid the foundations for a revolution in how Europeans would view
the world and its place in the universe.
copernicus’ Concerning the Revolutions of the Celestial Worlds,
published in 1543
using only the naked eye, tracked the entire orbits
of various stars and planets.
Tycho Brahe
a brilliant mathematician who had a mystical vision of the
mathematical perfection of the universe that owed a great deal to the ancient Greek
mathematician Pythagoras.
Johannes Kepler
inventor of the telescope
Galileo
Galilei (1564-1642
In
Galileo’s book, _________he reported these disturbing findings and
spread the news across Europe.
The Starry Messenger (1611),
often seen as
the start of the Enlightenment (1687-1789)
The printing of Newton’s book, Principia Mathematica, in 1687
ushered
in a new era in the intellectual history of humanity
The publication in 1859 of The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin
elaborated the argument-from-design as forceful demonstration of the existence of
the Creator
William Paley in his Natural Theology (1802)
were written by eminent scientists and philosophers to set forth “the Power,
Wisdom, and Goodness of God as manifested in the Creation.”
The Bridgewater Treatises, published between 1833 and
1840
