Intellectual Development Flashcards
What is Piaget’s model of how children’s logic and reasoning develop?
Jean Piaget’s theory suggests that children move through four different stages of mental development. Piaget believed that children interact with the world around them, they continually add new knowledge, build upon existing knowledge, and adapt previously held ideas to accommodate new information.
What are the four main stages of Piaget’s model of intellectual development?
This includes: Sensorimotor stage, Preoperational stage, Concrete operational stage and Formal operational stage.
What is a Schema and why is it important to intellectual development?
Schemas are categories of knowledge that help us to interpret and understand the world. As experiences happen, this new knowledge is used to modify, add to, or change previously existing schemas.
What did Piaget’s tests of conservation prove in children’s intellectual development?
A researcher might take a lump of clay, divide it into two equal pieces, and then give a child the choice between two pieces of clay to play with. One piece of clay is rolled into a compact ball while the other is smashed into a flat pancake shape. Since the flat shape looks larger, the preoperational child will likely choose that piece even though the two pieces are exactly the same size. The child struggles with understanding the idea of constancy.
What are the three stages of Piaget’s schema development?
Assimilation, Accommodation and Equilibrium
What is Piaget’s idea of egocentrism?
A child’s inability to understand that another person’s view or opinion may be different than their own. They assume that others share the same perspective as they do, unable to imagine that other people would have a perception of their own.
What is Chomsky’s model of how children acquire language?
Children have an instinctive mental capacity which enables them to acquire and produce language. This theory says that humans are born with the instinct or for acquiring language and only need the constant supply of vocabulary to develop this.
What is Chomsky’s LAD?
Language Acquisition Device found in the brain; it enables the child to rapidly develop the rules of language. It encodes the major skills involved in encoding grammar, essential for children to learn language.
What is Chomsky’s critical period during which children may learn language?
First year of life is the most critical for language development. Between the ages of two and thirteen years, the functions of the cerebral hemispheres separate and become fixed, rendering the acquisition of language difficult, if not impossible.
What intellectual skills develop in early adulthood?
Thinking becomes realistic and pragmatic, with expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits judgement about important matters.
What happens to intellectual skills in middle to late adulthood?
Loss of memory, deteriorated intellectual function and higher rates of disease, e.g. Alzheimer’s and Dementia.
What is object permanence? Whose theory does it belong to?
Idea that even if something is out of sight, it still exists is part of Piaget’s model of development
What is the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s theory?
Third stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development; from about 7 to 11 years old, children can think logically about real (concrete) events.
What is the formal operational stage of Piaget’s theory?
Final stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development; from age 11 and up, children are able to deal with abstract ideas and hypothetical situations.
What is preoperational stage of Piaget’s theory?
Second stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development; from ages 2 to 7, children learn to use symbols and language but do not understand mental operations and often think illogically.
