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Behavioral Medicine > Intellectual / Autism / ADHD > Flashcards

Intellectual / Autism / ADHD Flashcards

1
Q

The following are all examples of ____________ disorders….

Global Developmental Delay
Intellectual Disability
Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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2
Q

____________ disorders are characterized by developmental deficits that impair personal, social, academic, and occupational functioning

A

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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3
Q

________ ___________ ______ is diagnosed in children under the age of 5 who do not meet developmental milestones in motor function, speech/language, cognition, personal/social life, and in daily living.

A

Global Developmental Delay

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4
Q

T/F: Children with a global developmental delay will NOT always meet the criteria of intellectual disability when they grow up

A

True

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5
Q

Global developmental delay is only diagnosed in children under the age of what?

A

5 y.o.

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6
Q

_____ ______ is defined as significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive functioning that onsets before the age of 18

A

Intellectual Disability

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7
Q

T/F: Intellectual Disability diagnosis requires an IQ score as a part of the DSM-5 diagnosis

A

False

IQ Score is no longer required

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8
Q

Intellectual functioning is consider a disability when it is ___ standard deviation(s) below the mean (<70)

A

Two

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9
Q

The following are _______ (Conceptual/Social/Practical) skills…..

Memory
Language
Reading/Writing
Math
Problem Solving
A

Conceptual Skills

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10
Q

The following are _______ (Conceptual/Social/Practical) skills…..

Awareness
Feeling
Interpersonal Skills
Friendship Abilities

A

Social Skills

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11
Q

The following are _______ (Conceptual/Social/Practical) skills…..

ADLs
Job Responsibilities
Money Management
Recreation
Health Care
A

Practical Skills

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12
Q

Which is the most prevalent form of ID?

A) Mild
B) Moderate
C) Severe
D) Profound

A

A) Mild - (85%)

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13
Q

How prevalent is Intellectual Disability?

A

1 - 3%

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14
Q

T/F: ID is more prevalent in lower SES areas

A

True

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15
Q

Which is the most common identifiable causes of ID and give some examples?

A) Perinatal Insult
B) Post-Natal Insult
C) Pre-Natal Insult

A

C) Pre-Natal Insult

Genetic Syndrome
Maternal Disease
Teratogens

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16
Q

What is the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with ID?

A

Trisomy 21 (Down’s Syndrome)

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17
Q

What are examples of ‘early signs’ of ID?

A

Delayed Language Development
Delays in self-care
Difficulty with pre-academics
Lack of playing skills

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18
Q

What are examples of tools used to measure intellectual function?

(Theres a lot)

A

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB-5)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V)
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV)
Differential Ability Scales (DAS-II)
Leiter-3 (nonverbal)

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19
Q

________ _______ disorder is a ‘blanket term’ for the following disorders…..

Pervasive Developmental Disorders
High-Functioning Autism
Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified
Asperger Syndrome

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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20
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder?

A

Persistent deficits related to social communication and social interactions across multiple contexts to include deficits in (must have evidence in all 3 areas)

-AND-

Restricted or repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities to include (must have evidence of at least 2 behavioral symptoms)

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21
Q

What are examples of social communication impairment that toddlers may exhibit?

A

Less interest in social situations
Attention Deficits
Atypical eye contact
Delayed speech development

22
Q

What are examples of social communication impairment that children may exhibit?

A 
Playing Alone
Limited imitation skills
Intonation of Speech
Limited Facial expressions
Limited Social Insight
23
Q

T/F: Children with ASD often have repetitive unusual play

A

True

24
Q

How is ASD differentiated from GDD and ID?

A

Impairment in social communication skills

25
Q

What is the youngest age that ASD can be diagnosed?

However, most clinicians wait to diagnosis a child with ASD until what age?

A

18 months old

Wait until 3 years old

26
Q

The National Research Council (2001) recommends __ hours weekly of structured intervention for children with ASD including time spent in structured educational settings, therapies, and skill practice at home.

A

25 hours weekly

27
Q

T/F: There is growing evidence of improved outcomes for children who begin intervention at young ages

A

True

28
Q

During what two well-child visits does the AAP recommend specific ASD screening?

A

18-months

24-months

29
Q

What are the four ASD risk factors that would warrant surveillance?

A

Sibling with ASD
Parent concern, inconsistent hearing, unusual responsiveness
Other caregiver concern
Pediatrician concern

30
Q

If a patient has a positive screen for ASD what should you do?

A

Refer for a comprehensive evaluation to assess cognitive levels, speech-language skills, and possible ASD

31
Q

What are the THREE sub-types of ADHD?

A
  1. Predominately Inattentive Type
  2. Predominately Hyperactive-impulsive type
  3. Combined Type
32
Q

The following are all characteristics of ________ (inattentive/hyperactive) ADHD……

Poor attention to detail/careless mistakes
Trouble sustaining attention
Does not listen when spoke to directly
Often does not follow through on instructions or fails to finish tasks
Trouble with organizational skills
Avoids tasks requiring mental effort
Often loses things necessary for tasks
Easily distracted
Often forgetful in daily life
A

Inattentive ADHD

33
Q

The following are all characteristics of ________ (inattentive/hyperactive) ADHD……

Fidgety, squirmy
Leaves seat
Runs or climbs excessively
Unable to engage in leisure activities quietly
Constantly on-the-go or driven by a motor
Talks excessively
Blurts out inappropriately
Difficulty waiting his or her turn
Interrupts or intrudes on others
A

Hyperactive ADHD

34
Q

For ADHD diagnosis, the symptoms need to onset before what age?

A

Before the age of 12 y.o.

35
Q

T/F: Patients with ADHD are at an increased risk of suicide in early adulthood

A

True

36
Q

Is ADHD more common in men or women?

A

Men

37
Q

T/F: Lead exposure is an environmental risk factor for developing ADHD

A

True

38
Q

Which of the following syndromes is NOT associated with intellectual disability?

A) Down Syndrome
B) Kallman’s Syndrome
C) Prader-Will Syndrome
D) Fragile X Syndrome

A

B) Kallman’s Syndrome

39
Q

The following are all facial features of which genetic disorder…..

Flattened Face/Nose
Prominent Upper Eye Lid
Slanting Eyes
Small Ears

A

Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)

40
Q

T/F: Congenital Cardiac Abnormalities are present in about 50% of down syndrome patients

A

True

41
Q

______ ___ Syndrome is caused by a FMR1 gene mutation inherited in a X-linked dominant pattern and is the most common inherited genetic disorder

A

Fragile X Syndrome

42
Q

What are examples of facial feature of Fragile X Syndrome?

A

Long/Narrow Face
Prominent Jaw
Large Ears

43
Q

Which syndrome is caused by a loss of gene function in chromosome 15?

Key Features….

Trouble Feeding
Failure to thrive
Short Stature
Small features (hands/feet)

A

Prader-Will Syndrome

44
Q

Which syndrome is caused by a loss of UBE3A gene function (on chromosme 15), which is NOT inherited?

Key features…..

Ataxia
Microcephaly
Epilepsy

A

Angelman Syndrome

45
Q

What is the FDA ‘drug of choice’ in ADHD treatment for children older than 6 y.o.?

A

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

46
Q

What are common side effects of stimulants for ADHD?

A 
Appetite Suppression
Sleep Disturbance
Headache
Irritability 
Fatigue
47
Q

The following are examples of _________ (stimulants/non-stimulants)…..

Methlyphenidate (Ritalin)
Adderall
Concerta
Vyvanse

A

Simulants

48
Q

The following are examples of _________ (stimulants/non-stimulants)…..

Intuniv (Guanfacine)
Strattera (Atomoxetine)

A

Non-Stimulants

49
Q

T/F: Psychotherapy is appropriate for child, adolescents, and adults with ADHD

A

True

50
Q

T/F; Behavior modification is now recommened for children under the age of 6 with ADHD

A

True

51
Q

Should CBT be utilized in adults with ADHD?

A

Yes

(Skills-based approach can help patients change maladaptive behaviors and thought patterns that interfere with daily functioning)

52
Q

What is the name of the ‘plan’ schools can use to support children with ADHD

A

504 Plan

-OR-

Individualized Education Plan

Behavioral Medicine (16 decks)

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