Intellectual / Autism / ADHD Flashcards
The following are all examples of ____________ disorders….
Global Developmental Delay
Intellectual Disability
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
____________ disorders are characterized by developmental deficits that impair personal, social, academic, and occupational functioning
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
________ ___________ ______ is diagnosed in children under the age of 5 who do not meet developmental milestones in motor function, speech/language, cognition, personal/social life, and in daily living.
Global Developmental Delay
T/F: Children with a global developmental delay will NOT always meet the criteria of intellectual disability when they grow up
True
Global developmental delay is only diagnosed in children under the age of what?
5 y.o.
_____ ______ is defined as significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive functioning that onsets before the age of 18
Intellectual Disability
T/F: Intellectual Disability diagnosis requires an IQ score as a part of the DSM-5 diagnosis
False
IQ Score is no longer required
Intellectual functioning is consider a disability when it is ___ standard deviation(s) below the mean (<70)
Two
The following are _______ (Conceptual/Social/Practical) skills…..
Memory Language Reading/Writing Math Problem Solving
Conceptual Skills
The following are _______ (Conceptual/Social/Practical) skills…..
Awareness
Feeling
Interpersonal Skills
Friendship Abilities
Social Skills
The following are _______ (Conceptual/Social/Practical) skills…..
ADLs Job Responsibilities Money Management Recreation Health Care
Practical Skills
Which is the most prevalent form of ID?
A) Mild
B) Moderate
C) Severe
D) Profound
A) Mild - (85%)
How prevalent is Intellectual Disability?
1 - 3%
T/F: ID is more prevalent in lower SES areas
True
Which is the most common identifiable causes of ID and give some examples?
A) Perinatal Insult
B) Post-Natal Insult
C) Pre-Natal Insult
C) Pre-Natal Insult
Genetic Syndrome
Maternal Disease
Teratogens
What is the most common chromosomal abnormality associated with ID?
Trisomy 21 (Down’s Syndrome)
What are examples of ‘early signs’ of ID?
Delayed Language Development
Delays in self-care
Difficulty with pre-academics
Lack of playing skills
What are examples of tools used to measure intellectual function?
(Theres a lot)
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB-5)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V)
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV)
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV)
Differential Ability Scales (DAS-II)
Leiter-3 (nonverbal)
________ _______ disorder is a ‘blanket term’ for the following disorders…..
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
High-Functioning Autism
Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified
Asperger Syndrome
Autism Spectrum Disorder
What are the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder?
Persistent deficits related to social communication and social interactions across multiple contexts to include deficits in (must have evidence in all 3 areas)
-AND-
Restricted or repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities to include (must have evidence of at least 2 behavioral symptoms)
What are examples of social communication impairment that toddlers may exhibit?
Less interest in social situations
Attention Deficits
Atypical eye contact
Delayed speech development
What are examples of social communication impairment that children may exhibit?
Playing Alone Limited imitation skills Intonation of Speech Limited Facial expressions Limited Social Insight
T/F: Children with ASD often have repetitive unusual play
True
How is ASD differentiated from GDD and ID?
Impairment in social communication skills
What is the youngest age that ASD can be diagnosed?
However, most clinicians wait to diagnosis a child with ASD until what age?
18 months old
Wait until 3 years old
The National Research Council (2001) recommends __ hours weekly of structured intervention for children with ASD including time spent in structured educational settings, therapies, and skill practice at home.
25 hours weekly
T/F: There is growing evidence of improved outcomes for children who begin intervention at young ages
True
During what two well-child visits does the AAP recommend specific ASD screening?
18-months
24-months
What are the four ASD risk factors that would warrant surveillance?
Sibling with ASD
Parent concern, inconsistent hearing, unusual responsiveness
Other caregiver concern
Pediatrician concern
If a patient has a positive screen for ASD what should you do?
Refer for a comprehensive evaluation to assess cognitive levels, speech-language skills, and possible ASD
What are the THREE sub-types of ADHD?
- Predominately Inattentive Type
- Predominately Hyperactive-impulsive type
- Combined Type
The following are all characteristics of ________ (inattentive/hyperactive) ADHD……
Poor attention to detail/careless mistakes Trouble sustaining attention Does not listen when spoke to directly Often does not follow through on instructions or fails to finish tasks Trouble with organizational skills Avoids tasks requiring mental effort Often loses things necessary for tasks Easily distracted Often forgetful in daily life
Inattentive ADHD
The following are all characteristics of ________ (inattentive/hyperactive) ADHD……
Fidgety, squirmy Leaves seat Runs or climbs excessively Unable to engage in leisure activities quietly Constantly on-the-go or driven by a motor Talks excessively Blurts out inappropriately Difficulty waiting his or her turn Interrupts or intrudes on others
Hyperactive ADHD
For ADHD diagnosis, the symptoms need to onset before what age?
Before the age of 12 y.o.
T/F: Patients with ADHD are at an increased risk of suicide in early adulthood
True
Is ADHD more common in men or women?
Men
T/F: Lead exposure is an environmental risk factor for developing ADHD
True
Which of the following syndromes is NOT associated with intellectual disability?
A) Down Syndrome
B) Kallman’s Syndrome
C) Prader-Will Syndrome
D) Fragile X Syndrome
B) Kallman’s Syndrome
The following are all facial features of which genetic disorder…..
Flattened Face/Nose
Prominent Upper Eye Lid
Slanting Eyes
Small Ears
Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
T/F: Congenital Cardiac Abnormalities are present in about 50% of down syndrome patients
True
______ ___ Syndrome is caused by a FMR1 gene mutation inherited in a X-linked dominant pattern and is the most common inherited genetic disorder
Fragile X Syndrome
What are examples of facial feature of Fragile X Syndrome?
Long/Narrow Face
Prominent Jaw
Large Ears
Which syndrome is caused by a loss of gene function in chromosome 15?
Key Features….
Trouble Feeding
Failure to thrive
Short Stature
Small features (hands/feet)
Prader-Will Syndrome
Which syndrome is caused by a loss of UBE3A gene function (on chromosme 15), which is NOT inherited?
Key features…..
Ataxia
Microcephaly
Epilepsy
Angelman Syndrome
What is the FDA ‘drug of choice’ in ADHD treatment for children older than 6 y.o.?
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
What are common side effects of stimulants for ADHD?
Appetite Suppression Sleep Disturbance Headache Irritability Fatigue
The following are examples of _________ (stimulants/non-stimulants)…..
Methlyphenidate (Ritalin)
Adderall
Concerta
Vyvanse
Simulants
The following are examples of _________ (stimulants/non-stimulants)…..
Intuniv (Guanfacine)
Strattera (Atomoxetine)
Non-Stimulants
T/F: Psychotherapy is appropriate for child, adolescents, and adults with ADHD
True
T/F; Behavior modification is now recommened for children under the age of 6 with ADHD
True
Should CBT be utilized in adults with ADHD?
Yes
(Skills-based approach can help patients change maladaptive behaviors and thought patterns that interfere with daily functioning)
What is the name of the ‘plan’ schools can use to support children with ADHD
504 Plan
-OR-
Individualized Education Plan
