Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
How do fear and anxiety differ?
Fear is natural response to a threat
Whereas…..
Anxiety is worrying about that threat
_____ is the emotional and physiological response to an imminent threat
Fear
________ is the anticipation or worry/preoccupation with a future threat
Anxiety
Is increased vigilance more closely associated with a fear response or anxiety?
Anxiety
Is the fight or flight response more closely associated with fear or anxiety?
Fear
Which anxiety disorder is best described below……
Distress from separation anticipation
Persistent worrying about separation
Has an impact of daily function/activites
Separation
How long do symptoms need to be present for CHILDREN to be diagnosed with separation anxiety?
Adults?
Children: 4 weeks
Adults: 6 months
At what age is separation a normal stage of development?
Around 9 months
What is the mainstay of separation anxiety management?
CBT
What is specific phobia disorder?
Irrational and excessive phobia to objects, places, or situations
***Must last for at least 6 months
Which of the following anxiety disorders is best described by the following……
Fear of embarrassment/humiliation
Fear of social situations (eating, using the bathroom)
Social Anxiety Disorder
When do specific phobias tend to onset?
Childhood (<12 y.o.)
Does social anxiety onset gradually or fairly suddenly?
Gradually
How many patients with SAD eventually develop a substance abuse disorder?
1/8th
How many patients with SAD will likely meet the criteria for another psychiatric condition?
50%
What medications are first line for SAD treatment?
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Sertaline
Venlafaxine
How long do panic attacks typically last?
5 - 10 minutes
How is panic disorder classified?
Unexpected panic attacks with at least 1 month of worrying about having panic attacks
T/F: Many patients do undergo extensive medical workups before other conditions are ruled out
True
What is the mainstay of panic disorder management?
Medications (fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine) in combination with therapy (Panic Control Therapy)
Which anxiety disorder is described below…..
Excessive worrying about life and circumstances
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Is GAD more common in men or women?
Women (<30 y.o.)
What management option works best for GAD?
Medications (paroxetine, escitalopram, venlafaxine, buspirone) in combination with therapy
How is obsessive compulsive disorder described?
Plagued by intrusive thoughts
Compulsions to distract /relieve anxiety
Compulsions are repetitive, intentional, and time consuming
When does OCD typically onset?
Late teens to early 20s
What percent of patients with OCD will have a deteriorating course?
10%
What commonly exacerbates OCD symptoms?
Stress
What is the most effective treatment of OCD?
Medication (SSRIs) in combination with therapy
What is relaxation training?
Control over both their body and their mental states. Many forms, one is progressive muscle relaxation and patients systematically proceed through each muscle group learning to tense and relax.
What is exposure training?
Gradually placing the patient in situations or in contact with objects they would usually avoid. Can start with simple visualization, then approaching scenarios/places/things and gradually increase to full exposure. AKA systematic desensitization.
What is Flooding?
Similar to exposure therapy but the patient is exposed by placing them in continuous contact with whatever their feared stimulus.
What is behavioral modifications therapy?
Desirable behaviors are paired with positive reinforcements whereas undesirable behaviors are paired with negative reinforcers
____________ therapy focuses on the patient’s relationships as well as establishes present vs the past
Interpersonal therapy
What disorder is dialectical behavioral therapy used for?
Borderline personality disorder
What are the 4 specific target areas of dialectical behavioral therapy?
Mindfulness
Interpersonal Effectiveness
Distress Tolerance
Emotional Regulation
What form of therapy (behavioral or cognitive) is recommended for each of the following disorders…….
Social Phobia GAD Panic Disorder Separation Anxiety OCD
Social Phobia: Behavioral
GAD: CBT
Panic: CBT (Panic control therapy)
Separation: CBT
OCD; CBT (Exposure/Response Prevention)
