Integumentary Words

Question 1

Hirsutism

Answer 1

increased hair growth

Question 2

Pruritis

Question 3

Abrasion

Answer 3

combination of friction and shearing forces, typically over a rough surface resulting in scarping away of skin’s superficial layer

Question 4

avulsion

Answer 4

soft tissue avulsion; degloving

a serious wound resulting from tension that causes skin to become detached from underlying structures

Question 5

contusion

Answer 5

usually caused by a blow that does not interupt skin integrity

pain, edema, discoloration which appears as result of blood seepage under the surface of the skin

Question 6

Dehiscence

Answer 6

separation, rupture or splitting of wound close dby primary intenion.

Question 7

desiccated

Answer 7

drying out or dehydration of a wound.

occurs from poor dressing selection that does not control the evaporation of wound bed moisture

Question 8

desquamation

Answer 8

the peeling or shredding of the outer layers of epidermis.

normally occurs in small scales, although certain conditions, injuries, and medications may cause peeling in larger scales or sheets and extend into deeper layers of skin

Question 9

ecchymosis

Answer 9

bruise

Question 10

erythema

Answer 10

a diffuse redness of skin resulting from capillary dilation and congestion or inflammation

Question 11

Eschar

Answer 11

hard or leathery, black/brown, dehydrated tissue that tends to be firmly adhered to wound bed

Question 12

friable

Answer 12

tissue that readily tears, fragments or bleeds when gently palpated or manipulated

Question 13

gangrene

Answer 13

death and decay of tissue resulting from an interruption in blood flow to an area of the body.

some types characterized by the presence of bacterial infection.

Question 14

hematoma

Answer 14

localized swelling or mass of clotted blood confined to a tissue, organ or space usually caused by a break in a blood vessel

Question 15

hypergranulation

Answer 15

increased thickness of granular layer of the epidermis that exceeds the surface height of the skin

Question 16

hyperkeratosis

Answer 16

callus

typically white/gray in color and can vary in texture from soggy to firm depending on the moisture level around it

Question 17

hyperpigmentation

Answer 17

excess pigment in a tissue that causes it to appear darker than surrounding tissues

Question 18

hypertrophic scar

Answer 18

abnormal scar resulting from excessive collagen formation during healing.

typically raised, red, firm w/ disorganized collagen fibers (within boundary of wound)

Question 19

keloid scar

Answer 19

abnormal scar formation out of proportion to the scarring required for normal tissue repair and is comprised of irregular distribution of collagen bands.

thick, red, raised, firm

Question 20

Laceration

Answer 20

irregular tear of tissues often associated with trauma

Question 21

Maceration

Answer 21

skin softening and degernation that results from prolonged exposure to water or other fluids

Question 22

normotrophic scar

Answer 22

the organized formation of collagen fibers that align in parallel fashion

Question 23

slough

Answer 23

moist, stringy or mucinous, white/yellow tissue that tends to be loosely attached in clumps to the wound bed

Question 24

Turgor

Answer 24

the relative speed with which the skin resumes its normal appearance after being lightly punched.

decreases with age.

Question 25

Examples of Exudate Characteristics:

Sanguineous

Serous

Purulent

Answer 25

Sanguinous: red, signifiies blood discharge

Serous: clear, signifies water discharge

Purulent: yellow, tan, or green = infection

Question 26

Serous Exudate

Answer 26

clear, light color, thin watery consistency

normal and healthy healing wound

inflammatory and proliferation stages of healing

Question 27

Sanguineous Exudate

Answer 27

red color, thin watery consistency

due to presence of blood which may become brown if allowed to dehydrate

May indicate new blood vessel growth or disruption

Question 28

Serosanguineous Exudate

Answer 28

light red or pink color, thin watery consistency

considered normal

inflammatory or proliferation phases

Question 29

Seropurulent Exudate

Answer 29

cloudy or opaque, yellow or tan color, watery

early warning sign of impending infection and is always considered an abnormal finding

Question 30

Purulent Exudate

Answer 30

yellow or green color and a thick, viscous consistency

indicator of wound infection and is ALWAYS considered abnormal

Question 31

Debridement:

Selective vs. Non-selective

Answer 31

a process in which necrotic tissue is removed to aid the healing process

• Selective:
  
  • done by scalpel, scissors, enzymes, surgery or autolytic dressings
• Non-selective:
  
  • hydroptherapy and various dressings (wet to wet, wet to dry, dry to dry) in which necrotic tissue clings to the dressing when removed from the wound
• various antimicrobial agents such as povidone-iodine, bleach, Dakin’s solution, etc may retard healing and should not be used routinely in whirlpool or as topical agents unless antimicrobial actions are absolutely desireable

Question 32

Skin Grafting Types

autograft:

allograft:

xenograft:

split thickness graft:

full-thickness graft:

Answer 32

• autograft: patient’s own skin
• allograft: same species graft
• xenograft: alternate species skin
• split thickness graft: epidermis and upper dermis
• full-thickness graft: epidermis and dermis from donor site

Question 33

Wagner Scale of Diabetic Ulcer Classification for Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Answer 33

0: no open lesion, may possess pre-ulcerative lesions; healed ulcers; presence of bony deformity
1: superficial ulcer not involving subcutaneous tissue
2: deep ulcer w/ penetration through subcutaneous; potentially exposing bone, tendon, ligament, or jt
3: deep ulcer w/ osteitis, abscess or osteomyelitis
4: Gangrene of digit
5: gangrene of foot requiring disarticulation

Question 34

Actinic

Answer 34

photosensitivity, reaction to sunlight or ultraviolet

(dermatitis)

Question 35

Atopic

Answer 35

etiology unknown, associated with allergic hereditary or psychological disorders (dermatitis)