Burn Positioning Flashcards
Burns - 3 Primary Zones
Coagulation
Stasis
Hyperemia
Coagulation: cells are irreversibly damaged and skin death occurs
Stasis: contains injured cells that may die w/ in 24-48 hrs w/o special tx
Hyperemia: minimal cell damage and tissue that should recover within 7 days w/ no ill lasting effects
Burns: Rule of 9’s ADULT
Burns: Rule of 9’s Children
Burns: Healing and Treatments
- Healing
- epidermis = epithelialization of viable cells
- PT should be concerned with protecting and moisturizing the epithelial cells
- dermis = same as previously described
- Treatment
- debridement
- topical medications =
- antibacterial - nitrofurazone or Furacin, silver sulfadiazine or silvadene, mafenide acetate or sulfamylon, bacitracin, neosporin
- dressings
- surgery
- Skin grafting
Physical Therapy and Burns
- prevent scar contracture
- maintenance of normal ROM
- maintenance or improved muscle strength
- cardiovascular endurance
- return to normal funx
- performance of ADLs
- exercises to promote deep breathing and chest expansion w/ ambulation to prevent pneumonia
Contracture Deformity and Correction:
Anterior Neck Burn
Contracture Deformity: flexion
Correction: hyperextension w/ firm cervical brace
Contracture Deformity and Correction:
Shoulder
Contracture Deformity: ADD and IR
Correction: ABD and ER w/ airplane splint
Contracture Deformity and Correction:
Elbow
Contracture Deformity: flexion and pronation
Correction: extension and supination splint
Contracture Deformity and Correction:
Hand
Contracture Deformity:
- claw hand:
- Correct w:
- wrist extension
- MCP flexion
- IP extension
- Correct w:
- flexion and adduction:
- correct w:
- extension and abduction brace
- correct w:
Contracture Deformity and Correction:
Knee
Contracture Deformity: flexion
Correction: extension, posterior knee splint
Contracture Deformity and Correction:
Ankle
Contracture Deformity: plantarflexion
Correction: DF or splinted in neutral w/ AFO
