integumentary system Flashcards
has been called both a membrane, because it covers the body, and an organ, because it contains several kinds of tissues
integumentary system
it serves as a barrier to the suns ultraviolet rays and the invasion of pathogens, or germs. Holds moisture in and prevents deeper tissues from drying out.
protection
the nerves in the skin help the body respond to pain, pressure, temperature and touch sensations
sensory perception
the blood vessels in the skin help the body retain or lose heat when the blood vessels dilate, excess heat from the blood can escape through the skin
body temperature regulation
the outermost layer of skin. This layer is made of 5 smaller layers but no blood vessels or nerve cells
epidermis
called corium, or true skin. This layer has a framework of elastic connective tissue and contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves: involuntary muscle, sweat and oil glands and hair follicles
dermis
the innermost layer. it is made of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and adipose ( fatty) tissue, and connects the skin to underlying muscles
subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis
sweat glands are coiled tubes that extend through the dermis and open on the surface of the skin at pores. The sweat or perspirateion eliminated by these glands contain water salts and some body wastes
sudoriferous glands
oil glands that usually open onto hair follicles, they produce sebum, oil that keeps the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle
sebaceous glands
means to get larger, excess heat from the blood can escape through the skin
dilate
get smaller the heat is retained in the body. The sudoriferous glands also help to cool the body through evaporation of perspiration.
constrict
the skin has tissue for temporary storage of fat, glucose, etc
storage
certain substances can be absorbed through the skin
absorption
the skin helps the body eliminate salt
excretion
skin helps the production of vitamin D by using ultraviolet rays from the sun to form an initial molecule of Vitamin D
production
basic skin color is inherited and is determined by pigments in the epidermis of the skin. Melanin, a brownish- black pigment, can lead to a black, brown, or yellow skin tint, depending on racial origin. Melanin can also absorb ultraviolet light to tan the skin. Small concentrated areas of melanin pigment form freckles. Carotene, a yellowish red pigment, also helps determine skin color
pigmentation
baldness a permanent loss of hair on the scalp
alopecia
a person with an absence of color pigments, ___ skin has a pinkish tint and the hair is pale yellow or white. The person’s eyes also lack pigment and are red in color and very sensitive to light
albino
a yellow discoloration of the skin can indicate bile in the blood as a result of liver or gallbladder disease
jaundice
a reddish color of the skin that can be caused by either burns or a congestion of blood in the vessels
erythema
areas of dried pus and blood commonly called scabs
crusts
bluish discoloration of the skin caused by insufficient oxygen
cyanosis
itchy elevated areas with an irregular shape
wheals
pus filled sacs such a as those seen in acne or pimples
pustules
papular rash- firm, raised areas such as pimples and the eruptions
papules
blisters or fluid filled sacs such as those seen in chicken pox
vesicles
mascular rask- flat spots on the skin. Such as freckles
macules
a deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis
ulcer
inflammation of the sebaceous glands
acne vulgaris
a contagious fungal infection that usually effects the feet
athletes foot
the most common type of cancer
cancer of the skin
an inflammation of the skin can be caused by any substance that irritates the skin
dermatitis
noncontagious, inflammatory dermatitis caused by an allergen or irritant
eczema
highly contagious skin infection usually caused by streptococci or staphylococci organisms
impetigo
chronic noncontagious skin condition with periods of exacerbation’s and remissions
Psoriasis
a highly contagious fungal infection of the skin or scalp
ringworm
warts are caused by the human pappiloma virus HPV
verrucae
related health careers would include
allergist, dermatologist, and plastic surgeon
