Integumentary System

Question 1

Identify the two distinct layers of the skin

Answer 1

Epidermis and dermis

Question 2

Define hypodermis

Answer 2

Bottom layer of skin – superficial fascia
Contains Ariola and adipose CT

Question 3

Describe the structural features of epidermis

Answer 3

Stratum basale, Stratum spinosum, Stratam granulism, stratum Lucius, stratum corneum

Question 4

List the main cell types of epidermidis

Answer 4

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, tactile, epithelial, dendritic cells

Question 5

Describe the characteristic features of keratinocytes

Answer 5

Most abundant cell type in epidermis
Arise from deepest layer of epidermis
Produce keratin
Is dead at skin surface

Question 6

Describe the characteristic structural features of dermis

Answer 6

Second major region of skin, strong, flexible CT
Blood vessels + nerves
Two layers (capillary and reticular)

Question 7

Identify the layers of the dermis

Answer 7

Papillary dermis
Reticular dermis

Question 8

Define cleavage and flexure lines

Answer 8

Cleavage: separation between collagen fibers, which give skin strength
Flexure lines : deep, creases and palms, wrists, souls, fingers, and toes

Question 9

Describe the structural features of hypodermis

Answer 9

Contains Ariola and adipose CT
Helps insulate body

Question 10

List three pigments which contribute to skin color

Answer 10

Melanin, hemoglobin, carotene

Question 11

List the appendages of the skin

Answer 11

Hair, nails, sweat glands,sebaceous glands

Question 12

List the different glands of the integumentary system

Answer 12

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands

Question 13

Describe the characteristic features of sebaceous glands

Answer 13

Occur all over the body, secrete sebum, halocrine secretion,

Question 14

Describe the characteristic features of sweat glands

Answer 14

Widely distributed on body
Secrete sweat

Question 15

Compare and contrast eccrine and apocrine glands

Answer 15

Eccrine: most numerous and produces true sweat
Apocrine: confined to exhilarate, anal, genital area and produces special musky sweat

Question 16

List the different degrees of burns

Answer 16

First-degree – upper epidermis
Second-degree – epidermis and upper part of dermis
Third-degree – consumes the whole thickness of the skin

Question 17

Three types of skin cancers

Answer 17

Basal cell carcinoma – least malignant, but most common
Squamous cell carcinoma – arises from keratinocytes of Stratam spinosum
Melanoma – cancer of melanocytes and most dangerous

Question 18

Skin account for what % of body weight?

Answer 18

7%

Question 19

Skin thickened varies from ?

Answer 19

1.5-4-4mm

Question 20

Layers of skin from outer most layer to deepest layer

Answer 20

Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 21

5 important functions of skin and hypodermis

Answer 21

Protection, body temp regulation, excretion, production of vitamin D, sensory reception

Question 22

Reticular dermis components

Answer 22

Dense irregular CT
Two vascular plexus: dermal plexus and suppapilary plexus

Question 23

Parts of the nail

Answer 23

Free edge, body, root, nail folds, cuticle (eponychium)

Question 24

Parts of hair

Answer 24

Root- embedded in the skin
Shaft- above the skin surface

Question 25

Arrector pili

Answer 25

Bundle of smooth muscle
Hair strands erect when arrector pili contracts

Question 26

What’s the difference between thick and thin skin

Answer 26

Thick skin has a thinner dermis than thin skin and does not contain hairs, sebaceous glands, or apocrine sweat glands.

Question 27

Major reasons for melanin accumulation/presence

Answer 27

DNA, age, food, physiological aspect, ultra violet

Question 28

What kind of tissue is epidermis ?

Answer 28

Epithelial - stratified squamous ET

Question 29

What kind of tissue is the dermis

Answer 29

CT
Reticular -dense irregular

Question 30

What kind of tissue is hypodermis

Answer 30

Aerloar + adipose CT

Question 31

What kind of tissue is sweat cells

Answer 31

Stratified cubidal epithelial