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healthcare vital signs flashcards > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

How to check the skin

A

Colour, growth, texture, swelling/fluid, wrinkles, temperature, thickness, mobility and turgor, vascularity

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2
Q

Vitiligo

A

discolouration of the skin caused by damage to melanocytes

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3
Q

Melanin

A

substance in the body that produces hair, skin, and eye pigment

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4
Q

Papule vs Macule

A

Small, raised red lesion-P
Discoloured flat spot- M

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5
Q

ABCDE of moles

A

Assymetrical, border, colour, diameter (6mm gets concerning), evolving

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6
Q

nevus is a…

A

mole

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7
Q

pallor

A

pale appearance (changes in temp)

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8
Q

erythema

A

redness of the skin caused by hyperemia (increased blood flow)

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9
Q

jaundice

A

too many rbc go to the liver; eyes and skin turn yellow

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10
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discolouration of the skin; poor circulation and inadequate o2 in blood

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11
Q

vasoconstriction

A

blood vessels narrow to keep blood for the vital organs and to avoid heat loss

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12
Q

vasodilation

A

blood vessels widen to let out heat from the skin

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13
Q

diaphoresis

A

excessive sweating without a trigger

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14
Q

dehydration symptoms

A

thirsty, rough/dry skin, darker urine, dry mouth

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15
Q

callus

A

thick collection of dead skin that builds up over time from repetitive moments

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16
Q

blister

A

thin fluid filled build up over a shorter period of time

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17
Q

T/F callus and blisters have the same cause

A

true

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18
Q

Edema

A

fluid accumulation in intercellular spaces, gravity will pool deem to the feet and ankles, and the skin will look puffy and tight

19
Q

What is pitting edema

A

fluid isn’t circulating throughout causing edema, there is fluid build up

20
Q

mobility

A

ease of the skin rising

21
Q

turgor,

A

deals with your skins elasticity, how long it takes for your skin to return back to its og place

22
Q

vascularity

A

increase of blood flow, can be a sign of child abuse (if on wrists and appears often)
Non-vascular: white/blue
vascular: red

23
Q

Hematoma

A

bad bruise, pool of clotted blood in an organs space

24
Q

alopecia

A

partial or complete loss of hair; autoimmune disease; body attacks hair follicles

25
Q

discolouration or thickening of the nail can be a sign of

A

liver/kidney diseases, heart and lung conditions, anemia, and diabetes

26
Q

ridges or lines on nails

A

old age/vitamin defiency

27
Q

white spots

A

calcium deposit

28
Q

1st, 2nd, vs 3rd degree burns

A

1st: pain, redness, mild swelling
2nd: pain, blisters, splotchy skin, severe swelling
3rd: white, leathery, relatively painless (nerve endings are destroyed)

29
Q

How to treat burns?

A

Cool the burn (run it under cool, not cold water), compress and cover the burn, don’t break any blisters, apply a wet compress, use Neosporin
NO OINTMENT OR BUTTER: CAUSE INFECTIONS

30
Q

Rule of 9s

A

Whole Head: 9%
Chest: 9%
Abdomen: 9%
Left Leg: 9%
Right Leg: 9%
Posterior Arm: 4.5%
Whole arm: 9%
Lower back: 9%
Upper back: 9%
Genitals: 1%

31
Q

Posterior

A

Back side

32
Q

Anterior

A

Front side

33
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

common form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells

34
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

Cancer that begins (grows) in the lower part of the epidermis

35
Q

Melanoma

A

skin cancer; cancerous growth on melanin cells

36
Q

Acne

A

Inflammation/infection of a gland (bacterial caused)

37
Q

Warts

A

Virus caused; small skin growth that can be transmitted

38
Q

Eczema

A

Excessive dry skin (chronic)

39
Q

Impetigo

A

Bacterial caused skin infection; reddish sores

40
Q

Keloid

A

thick, raised scar

41
Q

Decubitis ulcers

A

Bed sores/pressure sores
increased pressure exerted onto the skin

42
Q

Harmful effects of Tanning

A

UV radiation can damage the DNA in your skin cells and can damage them creating abnormal cell growth, leading to skin cancer
Sunburns, premature aging of the skin (skin loses elasticity and wrinkles)

43
Q

Benefits of using chalk

A

Helps with grip by increasing friction and reduces sweaty hands preventing callus growth on hands

44
Q

Hyperaemia

A

Increased blood flow

healthcare vital signs flashcards (8 decks)

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