Integumentary System

Question 1

Integumentary system

Answer 1

Skin and accessory structures; nails, hair, glands

Question 2

Epidermis

Answer 2

Outermost layer of skin

Question 3

Hypodermis

Answer 3

Fat tissue; deepest layer

Question 4

Layers from top to bottom

Answer 4

Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale

Question 5

Stratum basale

Answer 5

Youngest layer; pushes older cells out

Question 6

Stratum granulosum

Answer 6

Where cells start to die off

Question 7

Stratum lucidum

Answer 7

Only dead cells

Question 8

Stratum corneum

Answer 8

Superficial layer; only dead cells

Question 9

Stratum lucidum is only in…

Answer 9

Thick skin

Question 10

Thick skin locations

Answer 10

Palms of hands and soles of feet

Question 11

Nevus

Answer 11

Mole; overgrowth of melanocyte cells

Question 12

Freckles

Answer 12

Active melanocytes; produce a lot of pigment

Question 13

Hemangioma

Answer 13

Blood vessels that form a benign tumor

Question 14

Callus

Answer 14

Caused by friction over a long period of timr

Question 15

Blister

Answer 15

Caused by severe friction over a short period of time

Question 16

Papillary layer

Answer 16

Superficial region of the dermis deep to the epidermis

Question 17

What two things interlock in the papillary layer

Answer 17

Dermal papillae and epidermal ridges interlock increasing the surface area between the dermis and the epidermis

Question 18

Reticular layer

Answer 18

-deeper region that forms the majority of the dermis
-includes many blood vessels, glands, hair follicles, and nerves

Question 19

Vasoconstriction

Answer 19

Vessels get smaller which decreases the amount of blood allowed through; retains heat

Question 20

Vasodilation

Answer 20

Blood vessels get larger and allows for more blood; gets rid of heat

Question 21

Hypodermis

Answer 21

Mostly adipose tissue

Question 22

Epidermal derivatives (epidermal appendages)

Answer 22

Integumentary structures derived from the epidermis
-nails
-hair
-exocrine glands of the skin

Question 23

Nail root

Answer 23

Bottom portion imbedded in skin

Question 24

Nail bed

Answer 24

Region under the nail

Question 25

Nail groove

Answer 25

Where nail meets skin on sides

Question 26

Nail fold

Answer 26

On side of nail groove

Question 27

Cuticle

Answer 27

Root end of nail

Question 28

Body

Answer 28

Actual nail

Question 29

Lunula/lunule

Answer 29

Crescent shaped structure on end of nail

Question 30

Free edge

Answer 30

Extension of nail body beyond the end of finger and toe

Question 31

Hair root

Answer 31

Deep; everything deep to the skin

Question 32

Shaft

Answer 32

Everything superficial to the skin; what you can see

Question 33

Bulb

Answer 33

Where new hair cells are being produced

Question 34

Inner layer of hair

Answer 34

Medulla

Question 35

Middle layer of hair

Answer 35

Cortex

Question 36

Outer layer of hair

Answer 36

Cuticle

Question 37

Hair follicle

Answer 37

Space that surrounds or contains each individual hair

Question 38

Arrector pili muscles

Answer 38

Attached to hair; when they contract it causes hair to stand on end

Question 39

Sudoriferous glands

Answer 39

Produce watery secretions (sweat)

Question 40

Sebaceous glands

Answer 40

Produce sebum (oil)

Question 41

Merocrine/eccrine sweat glands

Answer 41

Structure coiled to skin; used to cool the body

Question 42

Apocrine sweat glands (stinky)

Answer 42

Coiled to hair follicle in armpits, groin, and anal area; cloudy secretion that smells

Question 43

Sebaceous glands secrete:

Answer 43

Oily sebum into hair follicles directly or onto skin surface

Question 44

Hemoglobin

Answer 44

Pigment found in blood; pinkish blue

Question 45

Melanin

Answer 45

Activated in sunlight; causes skin to darken

Question 46

Carotene

Answer 46

Yellow-orange pigment from foods such as carrots; builds up in subcutaneous layer