Integumentary

Question 1

What structures are included in the integumentary system

Answer 1

skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and sensory receptors

Question 2

How does the process of keratinization occur

Answer 2

As the cells move up towards the superficial layers, they accumulate keratin then they undergo apoptosis

Question 3

How are epidermal ridges formed

Answer 3

The epidermal ridges are formed when the epidermis adapts to the contours of the dermal papillae that is underneath the epidermis

Question 4

What are the three pigments in the skin; what color are they responsible for

Answer 4

Melanin - pale yellow to reddish brown to black
Hemoglobin - Red
Carotene - Yellow-orange

Question 5

What are the two types of melanin

Answer 5

Pheumelanin - Yellow to red

Eumelanin - Brown to black

Question 6

What causes goose bumps

Answer 6

Arrector pili

Question 7

Contrast the functions of sebaceous, sudoriferous, and ceruminous glands

Answer 7

Sebaceous - Secretes oil (sebum)
Sudoriferous - Secretes sweat (eccrine, aporcrine)
Ceruminous - Secretes ear wax (cerumen)

Question 8

What criteria are used to distinguish thick and thin skin

Answer 8

Thin skin doesn’t have a stratum lucidum

Thick skin doesn’t have sebaceous and apocrine glands

Question 9

What are the two ways that skin does to help with thermoregulation

Answer 9

Sweat

Adjusting blood flow (Vasodilation, Vasoconstriction)

Question 10

What type of molecules can penetrate the stratum corneum

Answer 10

Lipid soluble materials (ex: vitamin A,D,E,K – O2, CO2)

Question 11

Why doesn’t epidermal wound healing result in scar formation

Answer 11

Epidermal cells lack fibroblasts, which are responsible for synthesizing scar tissue