Integumentary Flashcards
What is a flat nonpalpable discoloration,
Macule-example is freckle
What is a solid elevation, less than 1cm
papule-example nevus
What is a papule with indented center, less than 1cm.
umbilicated-example moluscum contagiosum
What is a vesicle-like lesion with purulent contents
pustule-example impetigo
What is a flat non palpable area of skin discoloration, larger than macule?
patch-example vitiligo
What is a raised lesion, same or different color from surrounding skin, can result from a coalescence of papules?
plaque-example is psoriasis or auspitz-pinpoint bleeding
What is a fluid-filled vesicle >1cm in diameter?
bulla-example 2nd degree burn
What is a raised, encapulated, fluid filled lesion of any size?
cyst-example intradermal cyst
What is a circumscribed are of skin edema?
wheal-example hive
What is flat red-purple discoloration caused by RBCs lodged in the skin?
purpura (less than 1cm is petechiae)
What is actinic keratoses?
precancerous lesions on sun-exposed skin-early-stage squamous cell carcinoma
how is actinic keratosis treated?
5FU, imiquimod cream, cryosurgery, chemical peel
Compare Basal Cell and Squamous Cell carcinoma? Which is more common? Where does it arise? Does it have a precursor? Physical description? Metastasis risk?
BCC: More common; sun exposed areas, no precursor, papule, nodule with or without central erosion; pearly or waxy with distinct borders; low metastatic risk
SCC: Less common; sun exposed areas, can arise from AK or without precursor; red conical hard lesion with or without ulceration; less distinct borders; metastatic risk 3-7%-greatest risk on lip, oral cavity, genitals
What is psoriasis vulgaris commonly treated with?
medium potency topical corticosteroid
What is herpes zoster, varicella commonly treated with?
Oral valacyclovir
What is scabies treated with?
permethrin treatment x1
what is verruca vulgaris treated with?
imiquimod cream
What is tinea pedis treated with?
topical ketoconazole
What is rosacea treated with?
topical metronidazole
What is the most common location for pityriasis rosea; psoriasis vulgaris; actinic keratosis; scabies; and eczema?
preceded by herald patch on trunk; anterior surface of knees; sun exposed areas; over waistband area; and antecubital fossa
What is the most common causative organism in erysipelas
strep pyogenes (Group A beta-hemolytic strep
What is the most common causative organism in cellulitis
strep pyogenes, staph aureus, MRSA
What is most common causative organism in a cutaneous abscess?
staph aureus (MRSA, MSSA)
How should you treat nonpurulent infections such as cellulitis, erysipelas?
Moderate-IV PCN, Rocephin, Cefazolin, Clindamycin. Mild with oral PCN, cephalosporins, dicloxacillin, clindamycin
How should you treat purulent infections such as furuncles, carbuncles, abcesses?
Possible I&D, C&S-empiric treatment with Bactrim or doxy, defined RX with bactrim for MRSA or dicloxacillin or cephalexin for MSSA
What is common first line treatment for acne?
topical benzoyl peroxide, often in combo with topical abx such as clindamycin, erythromycin
How are topical steroids grouped? What are some examples?
By potency, 1-7. Hydrocortisone most mild (7) triamcinolone mod (3-6) clobetasol (1) most potent
What form of skin cancer is most common?
Basal cell
How is comedomal acne treated?
keratolytics
How is inflammatory acne treated?
topical abx
How is mod-severe systemic acne treated?
aldactone, BC pills
How is acne different from rosacea?
There are NO comedomes in rosacea?
