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Skin, Hair, Nails > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

1
Q

it consists of the skin, hair and nails which are external structures that serve a variety of specialized functions.

A

Integumentary system

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2
Q

it is the largest organ of the body.

A

skin

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3
Q

it is a physical barrier that protects the underlying tissues and organs of microorganisms, physical trauma, ultraviolet radiation and dehydration.

A

skin

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4
Q

what are the three layers of skin

A

epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue.

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5
Q

it contains varying amounts of fat that connects the skin to underlying structures.

A

subcutaneous tissue/ hypodermis

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6
Q

it is the outer layer of skin and composed of four distinct layers.

A

epidermis

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7
Q

what are the four distinct layers of epidermis? in order.

A

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, and stratum germinativum.

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8
Q

the outermost layer that consists of dead keratinized cells that render the skin waterproof.

A

stratum corneum

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9
Q

A scleroprotein that is insoluble in water.

A

keratin

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10
Q

a layer of skin that is completely replaced every 3-4 weeks.

A

epidermal layer

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11
Q

the only layer that undergoes cell division and contains melanin and keratin-forming cells.

A

innermost layer/ stratum germinativum

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12
Q

major determinant of skin color.

A

melanin

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13
Q

inner layer of skin.

A

dermis

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14
Q

a well vascularized, connective tissue layer containing collagen, elastic fibers, nerve endings and lymph vessels.

A

dermis

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15
Q

the origin of sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair follicles.

A

dermis

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16
Q

what are the two types of sweat glands?

A

eccrine and apocrine glands

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17
Q

their primary functions are the secretion, of sweat and thermoregulation, which is accomplished by evaporation of sweat from the skin surface.

A

eccrine glands

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18
Q

associated with hair follicles in axillae, perineum, and aerolae of the breast.

A

apocrine glands

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19
Q

it stores fat as an energy reserve.

A

subcutaneous tissue

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20
Q

it consists of layers of keratinized cells.

A

hair

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21
Q

hair develops within a sheath of epidermal cells called?

A

hair follicle

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22
Q

what are the two types of hair?

A

terminal and vellus

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23
Q

is short, pale fine and present over much of the body.

A

vellus hair

24
Q

is longer, generally darker and coarser than vellus hair.

A

terminal hair

25
Q

it extends over the nail bed and has a pink tinge as a result of blood vessels underneath

A

nail body

26
Q

is a crescent shaped area located at the base of the nail.

A

lunula

27
Q

where does hair growth occur?

A

within hair follicle

28
Q

changes in sensation or temperature may indicate what?

A

vascular or neurologic problems

29
Q

abnormal sensations of tingling, pricking, or burning are referred to as…

A

paresthesia

30
Q

numbness or dulling of the sensations of pain, temperature snd touch to the feet may be seen in…

A

diabetic peripheral neuropathy

31
Q

what is hyperhidrosis?

A

uncontrolled body odor or excessive or insufficient perspiration.

32
Q

perspiration decreases in aging as sweat gland….

A

decreases

33
Q

generalized hair loss may be seen in various systemic illnesses such as…

A

hypothyroidism

34
Q

green, black or brown nail discolorations may indicate what?

A

bacterial infections

35
Q

yellow, thick crumbling nails may be seen in…

A

fungal infections

36
Q

It causes white color and separation of the plate from the nail bed.

A

Onycholysis

37
Q

what are the five major types of tattoos?

A

traumatic, amateur, professional, medical, cosmetic

38
Q

caused by debris embedded in skin, as after a motorcycle accident.

A

traumatic

39
Q

placed by non professionals using india ink with a pin.

A

amateur

40
Q

applied by a professional or skilled tattoo artists

A

professional

41
Q

used to delineate a landmark for radiation.

A

medical

42
Q

used for permanent, eyeliner, lipstick, hair, blush or eyebrows

A

cosmetic

43
Q

a cysteine-derivative that contains polybenzothiazine portions that are largely responsible for the red or yellow tint given to some skin or hair colors.

A

pheomelanin

44
Q

a brown to black pigment that is the most common form of melanin.

A

eumelanin

45
Q

the hair ____ is visible above the skin.

A

hair shaft

46
Q

the hair ___ is surrounded by the hair follicle.

A

hair root

47
Q

it is a hospital acquired infection.
that increases the client’s risk for a Hospital Aquired Infection (HAI)

A

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

48
Q

male hair pattern baldness

A

nerwood scale

49
Q

temperature extremes affects the blood supply to the skin and can damage the skin layers.
examples include…

A

frostbite and burns

50
Q

tattoo’s can cause what kind of infection?

A

hepatitis C

51
Q

exposure to the sun can aggravate conditions such as…

A

scleroderma

52
Q

what is the most serious skin cancer?

A

malignant melanoma

53
Q

this is the most common skin cancer in whites

A

basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

54
Q

this is the common skin cancer in darker skin.

A

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

55
Q

keloids are more likely to form between what ages?

A

10 and 30, especially before age 18

Skin, Hair, Nails (13 decks)

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