integumentary Flashcards
The outer layer of the skin is the:
epidermis
In treating a burned patient, the “rule of nines” is used to estimate:
Divides the body into percentages
The protein in epidermal cells that makes the skin relatively waterproof is:
keratin
The secretion from what gland, in conjunction with bacteria causes body odor?
apocrine
The protein that protects the inner living skin from the damaging effects of
ultraviolet rays is:
melanin
The secretion that prevents the drying of the eardrum is:
cerumen
The epidermal layer containing a single layer of mitotically active columnar cells is the:
basal cells
The lunula indicates the location of the:
nail matrix
The subcutaneous layer is distinguishable from the dermis by its abundance of
adipose tissue
Rupturing the dermis may cause this to develop:
stretch marks
The two components of the integumentary system are the
cutaneous membrane and accessory structure
The tough “horny” superficial layer of the epidermis is known as the
corneum
Cyanosis signifies that a patient
blood does not have enough oxygen
Exposure to ultraviolet light (sunlight) causes the skin to darken by increasing the
production of
melanin
An important vitamin that is formed in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight is
vitamin D
The protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin is
elastic fibers
Skin inflammation that primarily involves the papillary layer is termed
dermatitis
While assessing a patient, you discover that after pinching the skin on the back of the hand, it remains peaked. This is a sign of
dehydration
What are the accessory organs of the skin?
nails, hair, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands
What happens when the arrector pili muscles contract?
goosebumps form
Hair turns gray or white due to
pigment cells die
Explain the immediate response the skin has to injury,
inflammation and bleeding
Sensible perspiration released by the eccrine sweat glands serves to
merocrine
Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system, except
vitamin C synthesis
While walking barefoot on the beach, Joe stepped on a thorn that penetrated
through the sole of his foot to the dermis. How many layers of epidermis did the
thorn penetrate?
all layers
The primary pigments contained in the epidermis are
carotene and melanin
An albino individual lacks the ability to produce
melanin
What are the characteristics of the epidermis?
stratified squamous epithelium with four to five layers
_____ are cells in the epidermis that are part of the immune system.
langerhans
What are epidermal ridges?
pattern of ridges in the deep surface of the epidermis to t the underlying dermis
The layer of stem cells that constantly divide to renew the epidermis is the
basal cell
Types of skin cancers include
basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma
Epidermal growth factor exerts what effects on the epidermis?
mitogenic effects
