integumentary Flashcards
bulla
circumscribed collection of free fluid >1 cm
macule
circular flat discoloration < 1 cm
brown, blue, red, or hypopigmented
nodule
circular, elevated, solid lesion >1 cm
patch
circumscribed flat discoloration >1cm
papule
superficial solid elevated <0.5 cm, color varies
plaque
superficial elevated, solid, flat topped liesion >1cm
pustule
vesicle containing puss
vesicle
circular collection of free fluid <1cm
wheal
edematous, transitory, plaque, may last a few hour
scale
epidermal thickening, consists of flakes of plates of compacted desquameted layers of strateum corneum
crust
dried serum or exudate on skin
fissure
crack or split
excoriation
linear erosion
erosion
loss of epidermis, superficial, part or all of the epidermis has been lost
lichenification
thickening of the epidermis seen with exaggeration of normal skin lines
scar
thickening, permanent fibrotic changes that occur on the skin following damage of the epidermis
2 types of hair
vellus (peach fuzz)
terminal hair
nails
premature infant consideration
thin strateum corneum
increased permeability
lanugo
infants and children considerations
underdeveloped SQ tissue
desquamation
low melanin production
sweat glands not active in first few weeks of life
adolescent considerations
epidermal thickening
increased pigmentation
increased SQ fat
sebum production
terminal hair development
pregnancy considerations
reddened skin
increased sweat and sebaceous activity
thickened skin
increased hair production
geriatric considerations
decreased collagen and elasticity
decreased vascularity
decreased SQ fat
decreased melanocyte function
terminal hair –>vellus hair
hormone changes
slow nail growth
infant questions
feeding - breast vs formula
hair/skin/nail products
wardrobe
elimination - diarrhea?
children/adolescent questions
diet
ID’d allergies
ill contacts
activities - sports uniforms
pets - allergy testing
habits
associated conditions - asthma, eczema
pregnancy questions
pregnancy details
skin/hair/nail care
exposures
pre-pregnancy skin /hair/nail disorders
geriatric questions
sensation changes (DM)
fall risk
medication (any changes?)
bowel/bladder difficulties
nutritional assessment
clubbing assessment
nail base angle
pedunculation
on a stalk
skin tag
varicella
red papules, some with crusting, vesicles with an erythematous base
psoriasis
plaque on erythematous base with silvery scales
