integrative metabolism Flashcards
what are the typical fuel reserves for a well nourished 70kg man
1600 kcal in glycogen
24000 kcal in mobilizable protein
135000 kcal in triacylglycerol
what level does glucose need to be maintained at or above?
2mM
what happens if the blood glucose is kept a certain level?
hypoglacemia occrurs
an example of an organ that is is dependant on glucose
. brain are heavily dependent on glucose as an energy source.
where is most fuel energy stored?
stored as fatty acids in TAGs – fatty acids cannot be converted to glucose.
when you are starving what is reduced
[oxaloacetate] is reduced as oxaloacetate is used to synthesise glucose by gluconeogenesis.
what happens if you have reduced oxalocerate?
decreases entry of acetyl-CoA
what can oxaloacertate be made from?
synthesised from amino acids.
what dpes aCOA increase
ketone bodies
describe ketone bodies during starvation?
Acetoacetate spontaneously degrades to acetone which can be smelt on the breath.
how do proteins perserve themselfs?
Protein is preserved by shifting metabolic requirements for glucose to ketone bodies
where is glycogen stored?
Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles in the well fed state
how is glyocgen made?
Glycogen is made from many glucose molecules joined together to form a compact, highly branched, spherical structure.
what does low plasma glucose result in?
hypoglycaemia
what are symptons of hypoglacemiia
Dizziness, faintness or lethargy – can result i unconsciousness, coma and, unless glucose is provided death
