Insurance Flashcards

1
Q

Life insurance is a gift when

A

The owner and insured are not the same person.

Ex. If I own a policy on Mark and name Alisha then it’s a gift from me to Alisha
VS
If Mark is the owner AND the insured then it’s not a gift to beneficiary

Life insurance is NOT taxed to beneficiary as income. Issue is whether the estate or policy owner is considered to have given a gift of FV of policy upon death. Issue for high net worth individuals (where estate is above the 13.610M)

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2
Q

Deferred vs Immediate annuity

How long after purchase date is “deferred”?

A

“Immediate” starts b/w 1 month and 1 year

Deferred starts OVER 1 year from purchase date

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3
Q

Exclusion ratio on Annuity payouts

A

Monthly pmt12exp years = total payout

Investment in contract / total payout = tax free portion

RTFQ - asking for taxable, tax free, monthly, for the year, how many months in year

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4
Q

AIME (SS). Basics

A

Adjusted index monthly earnings
Adjust best 35 years to today’s dollars
(If not 35 years the extra are at 0)

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5
Q

SS: PIA
primary insurance amount @FRA

A

5 years 62-67. Max reduction 30%

First 36 months 5/9 of a percent
Next 24 months 5/12 of a percent

67 to 70 increases 2/3 of a percent per month (8%/year)
Max 24%

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6
Q

Taxability of social security benefits

A

Provisional income
Mfj 32/44
Sing 25/34
0/50/85

MFJ 0 32k, 50% to 44k then 85%
Sing 0 25k, 50% to 34k then 85%

Top $ both end in 4

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7
Q

SS provisional income

A

Provisional income
50% of social security
+ Tax exempt
+ AGI before social security

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8
Q

Life insurance non forfeiture options

A

Cash surrender value
Extended term option
Reduced paid up
Automatic premium loan

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9
Q

Life insurance dividend options
CRAPO

A

Cash
Paid up addition
Accumulate with interest
Reduce remiums
One year term fifth dividend

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10
Q

Life insurance settlement options
Per brandenberg

A

Cash
Refund option
period certain and life
pure life or single life
Specified period
Specified life

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11
Q

Stop loss versus stop loss limit
What are they and which is better for the insured or insurer?

A

Stop loss. Better for the insurer
Maximum out-of-pocket cost the insurED will have to pay

Stop loss LIMIT better for the insurED
Amount of expenses after the deductible that are SPLIT between the insurer and the insured

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12
Q

Annuity and mec dates

A

Annuity after 8/13/82 taxed as LIFO

Mec after 6/21/88.
Single premium Life Insurance after 88 treated as MEC. distributions taxed as LIFO
Because obviously it fails the 7 pay test

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13
Q

What can dividends on participating life insurance policies be used for?

A

Dividends on participating life insurance policies may be:

taken in cash.
used to pay a portion of the next premium.
left to accumulate interest.
used to purchase single-premium, PAID-UP additions.
used to purchase one-year term insurance (fifth dividend option).
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14
Q

Annuity withdrawals
And exceptions to penalty

A

Lifo
Remember that an immediate annuity can start between 1 month and 12 months

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15
Q

Penalty exceptions annuity withdrawals

A

Immediate NQ annuity
Susbt = pmts for greater of 5 years or until 59.5
Death
Disability

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16
Q

Annuity payout tax treatment

A

Apply exclusion ratio

Basis/PMT*months to receive based on life expectancy

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17
Q

BuySellWaitSee
“BOB”

A

Business has 1st option
Owner= SurvPartner can buy if business waives or buys less than half
Business has to buy if surv partner does not

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18
Q

COBRA
>=20 employees

A

EE,SP,DC
18 months termination EE,SP,DC
29 months SSDI

SP, DC 36 months
Death, divorce, EE in Medicare

DC 36 months
Loss of DC status (ie turn 26)

Must pay premiums MONTHLY
Cannot exceed 102%

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19
Q

Universal Life
Option A vs B

A

A - DB remains level
B - DB is face plus CF

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20
Q

Universal Life

A

Fixed,Variable, and Indexed
Variable has cash value sub-accounts which give owner investment choices

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21
Q

Basics of life insurance

A

Term. Lowest premium for FV
Universal. Most flexible
Whole. Most guarantees

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22
Q

S1035 pyramid

A

Everybody. (Exchange)
Loves Elizabeth as Queen
Down but not up

Life
Endowment
Annuity
QLtci

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23
Q

Annuity matrix: how purchased

A

Installment premium
Single premium
Flexible premium

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24
Q

Annuity matrix: how purchased

A

Installment premium
Single premium
Flexible premium

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25
Annuity matrix when payments begin
Immediate annuity - one month to 1 year Deferred
26
Annuity matrix how funds are invested
Variable Fixed Equity indexed
27
Forms of payment
3 main Withdrawals - full or partial or systematic Life annuity Annuity certain - fixed period - fixed income
28
Annuity matrix lives covered
Single Multiple - joint life - joint and survivor -full -2/3 -1/3
29
Annuity matrix guaranteed minimums
REFUND -lump sum - installment PERIOD CERTAIN -5 yrs - 10 -15 -20
30
Cross purchase buy sell Number of policies Face value of each policy In what situations is it advisable
N x (n-2) number policies Value of company divided by $ policies = amount of each. Good for small amount of partners who are around the same age Death benefit passes tax-free to surviving owner Increase in basis to the surviving owner is the primary advantage over an entity purchase
31
Entity purchase Also known as doc redemption plan
Preferred solution with many partners DB passes tax free to the business Business pays policy premiums Disadvantage. Does not increase basis (no step up) So surviving owners will have more gain when they sell the business
32
What is generally the default risk
Risk retention Bc ppl don't even realize they have the risk until something happens
33
HSA
20% penalty for nonmedical but goes away at age 65 BUT it IS taxable if not for medical Age 55 catch-up Can use for LTCi but not for medical or dental premiums Deductible counts towards Mac out of pocket See picture
34
Definitions
35
Risk Mgt approaches
36
Indemnity
Insurance contract compensates you for any damage loss or injury caused only to the extent of loss incurred See picture
37
Medicare and nursing home
Only covers skilled nursing IF after a hospital stay. 1st 20 days no copay Then you pay 204 and they pay rest until 101 days. ZILCH Medicare does NOT pay for custodial care
38
Qualified long-term care 8 requirements For tax free benefits
Tax-free benefits if qualified Required features include 1.Benefit payable only to a qualified long-term care 2. Contract must be guaranteed renewable 3. Contract does not pay or reimburse expenses reimbursed under Medicare. No double dipping 4. No cash surrender value 5.Dividends cannot be paid out they can only be applied to premium or increase future benefits 6. No limitations or exclusions except pre-existing within 6 months of application 7. Contract cannot require prior hospitalization or provide skilled nursing only 8. 2-year incontestable clause for misrepresentation
39
Ltci Benefit triggers
Two of six ADLs OR substantial cognitive impairment -Either of the above required doctor certification of condition -ADLs require condition to last 90 or more days ADLs B e d c o t Bathing Eating Dressing Continence ON OF Toilet Transferring
40
Qualified Ltci for tax benefits
Tax-free benefits Deduct premiums on schedule a, limited Can use HSA to pay premiums EmployER paid premiums are tax-free and benefits remain tax free
41
Private annuity What???
Private annuity payments are unsecured promises to pay a monthly fixed payment to the seller for life and are received by the seller as a tax-free return of adjusted basis, capital gains, and interest taxed as ordinary income
42
Social security disability
Adults over 18 unable to work due to physical or mental disability that is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death
43
Homeowner's insurance See attached
Property part 1 a b c d Address backyard contents damage destroyed digs Property part 2 EF exposure to legal action and funds for fractures Standard h05 typically provides coverage for contents at a limit of 50% of the part A dwelling coverage unit
44
Named perils vs open perils
Name specify what perils are covered the rest is not Open peril specify what is excluded the rest is covered You want OPEN H03 and h05 are both open dwelling but 8 H03 is named contents versus h05 is open contents
45
Homeowners. The 3 Home
H02 is broad, basic H03 is special, better H05 is comprehensive, BEST H03 + h 015 equals h05 The h015 adds open perils for contents
46
Renters insurance
4 rent. h04 broad contents and liability 94 we rented. 4 rent 95 we owned. 5 is best homeowners
47
Condo
Ho6 ,"unit owners" Condo/coop
48
Older historical homes
H08 modified Know the name modified
49
Auto insurance PAP Parts
part A liability Max 1 bodily/max all bodily/max property Part D damage to your auto Collision accident Comprehensive Hitting a deer is on comprehensive!
50
What can you do with dividends on participating life insurance policies Per the bif qbank
Taking cash Used to pay a portion of the next premium Left to accumulate interest Used to purchase single premium paid up additions Used to purchase one year term insurance 5th dividend option So can't purchase a single premium immediate annuity??
51
Index annuity Per bif qbank
Provide a return on the assets invested that is tied to a market index There's often a participation rate and cap on these contracts For example the contract will pay interest equal to a stated percentage of whatever the index achieves over a certain period but the overall return may be capped Also there may be a floor limiting potential losses associated with the index
52
LTCi features and benefits 6
BENEFIT PERIOD Specific time frame or pool of money option Under pool of money the policy lasts longer than the stated. If the cost of care is less than the maximum daily benefit ELIMINATION PERIOD 0-365 DAILY BENEFIT RIDERS. Inflation protection most important WAIVER of PREMIUM RENEWABILITY
53
LTC locations
Skilled nursing Higher level than ALF. Has rehab, 24 hr ALf. Residential personal Care health support ADC. Residential socialization structure supervision might include medical management Custodial is nonmedical Adc, home health Home health aide Personal Care non-medical Hands-On approach Homemaker household task and errands a hands-off approach Medicare does not pay for long-term custodial care and they only pay for skilled nursing limited time following hospital stay
54
LTC tax benefits
Benefits or tax-free Can pay premiums from HSA *Premiums paid by employers are tax-free to employees AND benefits remain tax free Premiums are qualified medical for schedule A
55
LTC partnership with states Asset protection for medicaid
Provide additional asset protection if the benefit is exhausted and the insured files for Medicaid The total amount paid under long-term care is added to the Medicaid spend down limit and protected
56
Non forfeiture extended term option
Same DB, uses up CV Use the cash value as a single premium to pay for term life insurance for as long as the cash value will support the stated death benefit. No residual cash value Maintains the original death benefit but may not last to life expectancy.
57
Non forfeiture Reduced paid up
Lower DB retains a CV Use CV to buy a paid-up policy of the same type reduced DB but retains CV that will grow throughout the life of the policy at a reduced rate
58
Non forfeiture option automatic premium loan
Automatic premium loan alternative that allows for a loan against the policies CV for paying the overdue premiums provided the CV is more than or equal to the premium amount due. Avoids a lapse Any automatic premium loan is added to any other outstanding policy loan and the unpaid loan plus accrued interest is subtracted from the DB
59
Viatical settlements
Terminally or chronically ill Terminally ill certified by physician death within 24 months Chronically ill unable to perform two of six ADLs for at least 90 days Must be a 15-day cooling off. Viator is the owner of the policy Viatical settlement company pays ongoing premiums and receives future death benefits Amounts received by the insured are excluded from gross income if terminally ill. If chronically ill benefits excluded to the extent I used for LT care services Basis to the viatical settlement company is cash paid plus subsequent premiums at death the amount received in excess of basis is taxable to the biatical settlement company
60
Pure risk
Chance of loss or no loss No chance of gain Like a flood or earthquake
61
Moral vs morale hazard
Moral is conscious intentional actions or fraud to take advantage of insurance coverage Morale is subconscious. A passive disregard Leaving doors unlocked
62
Aleatory contract
an insurance agreement, the insured pays a premium to the insurer in exchange for financial protection against uncertain events, such as accidents, property damage, or illness.
63
Contract of adhesion
One party prepares the contract. The other has little power. Take it or leave it. Most insurance contracts
64
Vicarious liability
Can be held liable for torts of another. Like Parent of child
65
Joint and several liability
Negligence caused by one or two or more parties. Each party may be held fully liable. The party paying more than its own legal share can seek contribution from the others who have not paid their proportional share.
66
Speculative risk
Involves both the chance of loss or gain, such as gambling. Speculative risk is not insurable.
67
Static risk
Losses caused by factors not related to the economy (e.g. death of the family breadwinner). These tend to occur with regularity and can be insured against.
68
Negligence per se
The act itself constitutes negligence, thereby relieving the burden to prove negligence. Driving the wrong way down the highway
69
Absolutely liability
Liability without regard to negligence or fault. Example your dog bites the mailman
70
Peril
Anything that causes a financial loss. Wind, fire, theft
71
Strict liability
Liability for damage resulting from some extraordinarily dangerous activity or other statutorily defined activities. Negligence does not have to be proved; however, defenses may be allowed to refute or lessen liability. Most traffic violations
72
Unilateral contract
An insurance contract is a unilateral contract. Only the insurer promises to do anything, as there is no promise for the insured to pay the premium.
73
Hazard
A condition that serves to increase the frequency or severity of perils. Gasoline soaked cloth
74
Adverse selection
The likelihood that parties with the greatest probability of loss are the ones who most desire the insurance. Insurance seeks to avoid adverse selection. Sick person getting health insurance
75
Collateral source rule
Holds that damages assessed against a negligent party should not be reduced simply because the injured party has other sources of recovery available (such as insurance or employee benefits).
76
SSDI
Remember some of this could be taxable watch the total income Is it the 2534 32 44 formula
77
Own occupation
You receive benefits of your unable to work in your own occupation even if you find employment in another profession
78
Which type of policy is considered pure protection Whole Universal Term life
Term because it is generally insurance only no savings component
79
Medicare and hospital
Pays full cost for 60 days After 150 it's all on the patient
80
Guaranteed renewable versus non-cancelable
With a guaranteed renewable the insured has the right to renew for a stated number of years. The insurer cannot change the premium unless the change is made for an entire class of policyholders Non-cancelable gives the insured the right to renew for a stated number of years with a guaranteed premium at renewal
81
Social security claiming on another's record
Shoot I can't attach photos anymore. I have a chart in my Excel summary file and downloaded to photos on 11.21.24