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OR - Exam 1 > Instruments, Sutures, And Needles > Flashcards

Instruments, Sutures, And Needles Flashcards

1
Q

Name the parts for instrument anatomy

A 
Tips
Jaws
Box lock
Box lock pin
Shanks
Ratchet
Ring handles
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2
Q

How are instruments selected for surgery?

A

Pt physical condition
Surgeons preference
Anatomical structure

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3
Q

What are the basic categories for instruments?

A

Cutting
Retracting
Clamping
Grasping

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4
Q

Blades are ___________ and handles are ____________.

A

Disposable, reusable

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5
Q

Blades that start with 1 fit handle _________ and those that start with 2 fit on ________

A

3 and 7

4

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6
Q

Type of scalpel handles?

A 
3
3long
4
7
Beaver
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7
Q

Instruments used to cut through bone and cartilage?

A 
Chisels
Rongeurs
Osteotomes
Gouges
Files/rasps
Powered instruments
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8
Q

What instruments are typically used for blunt dissection

A

Scalpel handle
Blunt sides of scissor blades
Sponge on sponge stick

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9
Q

Allis is typically used for what?

A

Grabbing skin edges, has teeth

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10
Q

What is the Babcock?

A

A grasping instrument used for the bowels

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11
Q

What instrument family is the kosher a part of?

A

Grasping

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12
Q

Tissue forceps may also be known as__________.

A

Thumbs or pickups

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13
Q

What does a Tuttle forcep look like and what is it typically used for?

A

Long with round ends without centre.
Has a pin in centre of forcep handle that travels through a small hole across from it to keep alignment
Used for bowels

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14
Q

What are debakeys?

A

Forceps
Can be long or regular
Has tooth on top and bottom
Either 1:2, 2:3, 3:4

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15
Q

Why are some stone forceps curved?

A

So you can reach in duct

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16
Q

What family does the tenaculum belong to? What are they for?

A

Grasping
Have single or multiple teeth
Penetrate tissue to grasp firmly
Used in uterus, etc

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17
Q

What are the most commonly used instruments?

A

Hemostats

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18
Q

What are haemostats used for?

A

To clamp blood vessels

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19
Q

What should you never do withs hemostat?

A

Use it to attach items to drapes because they are pointier and sharp and could poke through sterile sheet.

20
Q

The rib spreader is an example of what?

A

A self retaining retractor

21
Q

When would a terminal end stapler be used?

A

Closing end of hollow organ

22
Q

When would an internal anastomosis stapler be used?

A

To connect hollow organ segments

Makes larger pouch or reservoir

23
Q

What if the doctor asks you for for multiples of the same instruments in rapid succession?

A

May be picked up in multiples but must be handed individually

24
Q

How do you pass an instrument to a surgeon on the opposite side of the table?

A

Pass across right hand to right hand or left hand to left handed surgeon.

25
Q

How do you pass to a surgeon or assistant who is on the same side of the table as you?

A

If on right side pass with left hand

If on left side pass with right hand

26
Q

What are some physical suture characteristics?

A

Physical configuration (single or multifilament)
Capillarity (ability to transmit fluid)
Fluid absorption ability
Diameter (sizes)
Tensile strength (breaking load)
Knot strength (force needed to made a knot slip)
Elasticity (ability to regain original for and length after stretch)
Plasticity (
Memory (retain former shape after removed. The higher the les knot security)

27
Q

Explain the handling characteristics of sutures

A

Pliability (how easily material bends)
Coefficient of friction (how easily the suture slips through tissue and can be tied) - too high can drag through tissue and cannot tie knots. Too low and knots may come loose

28
Q

What are some tissue reaction characteristics of sutures?

A

May have inflammatory response
Allergic reaction
Absorption
Potentiation for infection

29
Q

Explain absorbable sutures

A

They are flexible
Prepared from collagen of healthy animal or synthetic fibre
Absorbable in living mammal tissue
By enzymatic activity or hydrolyzed (water in tissue)
Treated with chromium salt which delays absorption

30
Q

What are the types of absorbable sutures, how long do they last, and where are they typically used?

A

Plain and chromic gut - 21 days - skin, intestines, stomach

Vicryl - 70 days - skin, fascia, muscle, bowel

Monocryl - 119 days - skin

PDS - 180 days - peritoneum, lung

31
Q

What are some non absorbable sutures and where may they be used?

A

Silk - skin, drains, tie off vessels

Nylon (Ethlon & Nurolon) - skin and drains

Polyester (Mersilene & Ethibond) - tendons

Polypropylene (Prolene) - vascular grafts, skin, hernia repairs, muscle

Stainless steel - tension band wiring in fractures

32
Q

Parts of a needle?

A

Point, body/shaft, eye or swaged end

33
Q

Types of needles?

A 
Conventional cutting
Reverse cutting
Taper
Tapercut
Blunt
34
Q

What type of needle has cutting edges on outer curvature?

A

Reverse cutting

35
Q

What needle has a rounded tip and why is this?

A

Blunt, less apt to puncture vessels within organs. Usually used in liver. Or cervix

36
Q

Which needles are triangular shaped?

A

Conventional cutting and reverse cutting

37
Q

Which needles are used for skin closure?

A

Conventional and reverse cutting

38
Q

Which needle is smooth and has no cutting edge? Where is it used?

A

Taper needle

Used to push aside tissue, used on delicate tissue.

39
Q

What makes the taper cut different from the other cutting needles?

A

Cutting edge is only at point.

40
Q

Which needle is used for touch tissue without tearing it?

A

Taper. Eg fascia

41
Q

What three areas of the set up do you keep your needles?

A

In the package
On a driver
Or in needle book/ sharps

42
Q

Why shouldn’t you run your fingers along suture to remove knots?

A

Causes fraying

43
Q

What should u watch for when passing needle to surgeon?

A

Not to get picked

Avoid contamination by helping suture string over sterile field

44
Q

What should you do with the suture packages once opened?

A

Keep on set up

45
Q

What type of suturing methods are there?

A 
Retention/ stay suture
Interrupted
Continuous
Continuous locking
Horizontal/vertical mattress stitch
Subticular
Purse string
Ties
46
Q

Why must surgical gut and collagen sutures be used immediately after removal from package?

A

Wet packaged in alcohol solution to provide max pliability. Once removed the alcohol evaporates and strand will lose its pliability.
Can restore by submersing into sterile water or snow at body temp for a few sec. Increased moisture decreases tensile strength

OR - Exam 1 (14 decks)

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