Instruments Flashcards
What is an MSA?
Minimum safe altitude
1,000’ obstacle clearance w/i 25nm
What is an ESA?
Emergency safe altitude
1000’ obstacle clearance w/i 100nm non mountainous
2000’ obstacle clearance w/i 100nm mountainous
What route do you follow for lost commo?
- Last assigned
- Expected
- Filed
During lost commo what altitude should you fly?
Highest of
Last assigned
MSA
Expected
What is an MIA?
Minimum IFR altitude
What is an OROCA?
Off Route Obstacle Clearance Altitude
Minimum off-route altitude for IFR operations that provides 1000’ non mountainous 2000’ mountainous within the quadrant
What is the purpose of VFR&IFR flight plans?
VFR- Allows search and rescue to find overdue aircraft
IFR- Relays a pilots desires to ATC
What is a change over point and how is it identified?
A point long an IFR route where you switch navaids that you are navigating off of.
It is identified by a dog leg, a turn, or half way between navaids
What is required to file an alternate?
Worst weather 400-1 greater than minimums
You cant have 2 GPS approaches
Radar cant be required
Has to be authorized as an alternate
Navaid must be monitored
Surface based airspace
When is it required to file an alternate?
MWR
Navaids are unmonitored
Weather is less than 400-1 above minimums
Radar is required
During holding when does outbound timing begin?
Outbound timing begins over/abeam the fix, whatever occurs later
How much time should be included in the ETE to the alternate approach?
From the missed approach point, 1 lap in holding, and the full approach at the alternate airport
What is an MDA and what kind of approach is it used on?
Minimum Descent Altitude
It is used for NON-precision approaches
What is a MOCA?
Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude
Minimum altitude for IFR operations that provides obstacle clearance and 22NM of navaid reception
On a sectional what does a bold airport with no circle represent?
That the hard surface runway is longer than 8069’
What are teh air taxi altitude and airspeed limitations?
<100’AGL
>20KTS
What is DA/DH and what kind of approach is it used on?
Decision Altitude/Decision Height
Used on precision approaches
When do you do a diverse departure and how do you do it?
Whenever there are published approach procedures but not departure procedures
You take off and remain runway heading until 400’ AGL, maintaining a 200’/NM climb
Airspeed and altitude limitations for hover taxi?
Within ground effect
20KTS
When do you not have to file an IFR flight plan?
Flight is primarily VFR training
Time will not allow for the mission to be completed IFR
Mission can only be completed VFR
Excessive delays
Hazardous weather
What is HAA?
Height above airport
MDA AGL altitude on a circling approach
What are the takeoff minimums for Army aviators?
100’ 1/4SM for less than 50hrs WX PC
0-0 greater than 50hrs WX PC
Do dual VOR requirements apply to army aircraft?
No
When can you descend below MDA/DA?
Runway environment in sight
Safe position to land
What are the sections of an Instrument approach procedure?
Initial approach segment
Intermediate approach segment
Final approach segment
Missed approach segment
What ATC instructions are required to be read back?
Altitude assignments
Vectors
Hold short
Altimeter settings
Runway assignments
When does outbound timing start on intersection holding?
Wings level
Sections of an approach plate?
Pilot briefing strip
Plan view
Profile view
Landing minima
Airport Diagram
What is HAL?
Height Above Landing
The height in AGL of the MDA on a copter approach
When is course reversal not authorized?
When cleared straight in
“NO PT”
Hold in lieu
Timed approach
Vectors to final
What is the 1,5,6 rule?
Can I file?
Do i need an alternate?
Can i file the selected alternate?
What is required to initiate an approach?
Cleared by ATC
On course
Within the remain within distance
When do you initate lost commo on a radar approach?
Vectoring to final - 1min
ASR- 15s
PAR- 5s
What is the touchdown zone?
The first 3000’ of the landing surface/runway
What is the lateral deviation scale of all the navigation types?
VOR- 5deg per dot
ILS 1.25deg per dot
BC- 2.5deg per dot
FMS terminal- 0.5NM per dot
FMS approach- .15NM per dot
What is an MEA?
Minimum Enroute Altitude
Lowest altitude between radio fixes that assures navaid reception
What is HAT?
Height Above Touchdown
AGL height of MDA/DA
