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Instrument Oral > Instrument Mnemonics ATP > Flashcards

Instrument Mnemonics ATP Flashcards

1
Q

Instrument Rating Requirements, General (61.65a)

A
  1. PPL or concurrently working towards one
  2. Must be able to read, write, speak, and understand English
  3. Receive and log ground training from an authorized instructor
  4. Receive and log flight training in airplane (or full flight simulator/FTD)
  5. Endorsement for Written
  6. Pass the Written
  7. Endorsement for Checkride
  8. Pass the Checkride
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2
Q

Instrument Airplane Aeronautical Experience Requirements (61.65d)

A
  1. (50) Cross-Country Flight Time as PIC
    a. (10) in an airplane
    b. (40) Actual or Simulated Instrument Time
    - Of which (15) Dual Received
  2. IFR training on XC flight procedures, including one XC flight in an airplane with an authorized instructor, that is performed under IFR rules, when a flight plan has been filed with an ATC, and that involves.
    - A flight of (250) nautical miles along airways or
    by directed routing
    from an air traffic control facility;
    - An instrument approach at each airport; and
    - (3) different kinds of approaches with the use of
    navigation systems
  3. (3 hrs) Instrument flight training from an authorized instructor in an airplane that is appropriate to the instrument-airplane rating within 2 calendar months before the date of the practical test.
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3
Q

What are your privileges as an instrument rated pilot?

A
  1. Can act as PIC under IFR (61.3e)
  2. Can act as PIC in weather conditions less than VFR (61.3e)
  3. Can conduct special VFR operations at night (sunset to sunrise) (91.157)
  4. Fly in Class A airspace
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4
Q

Personal Documents Required for Flight (61.3) P.P.M.

A

P.P.M.
P - Pilot certificate
P - Photo identification, valid, government issued
M - Medical certificate

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5
Q

Aircraft Airworthiness Assessment D.I.E.

A

D - Documents (ARROW)
I - Inspections (AV1ATE)
E - Equipment (ATOMATOFLAMES, FLAPS, GRABCARD)

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6
Q

Required Aircraft Documentation A.R.R.O.W.

A

A - Airworthiness Certificate (91.203)
R - Registration (91.203)
R - Radio Operating License
O - Operating Lims. /Airplane Flight Manual
(91.9)
W - Weight and Balance (Official In POH)

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7
Q

Aircraft Required Maintenance Inspections A.V.1.A.T.E.

A

A - Annual (91.409)
V - VOR Check (91.171)
1 - 100 Hr. (91.409)
A - Altimeter / Pitot Static Inspection (91.411)
T - Transponder (91.413)
E - ELT (91.207)

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8
Q

Equipment Required for Day VFR Flight
(91.205) A. T.O.M.A.T.O. F.L.A.M.E.S.

A

A - Altimeter
T - Tachometer
O - Oil Pressure Gauge
M - Manifold Pressure Gauge
A - Airspeed Indicator
T - Temperature Gauge
O - Oil Temperature Gauge
F - Fuel Gauge
L - Landing Gear Position Lights
A - Anti-Collision Lights (after 1996)
M - Magnetic Direction Indicator
E - Emergency Locator Transmitter ELTS - Seat Belts

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9
Q

Equipment Required for Night VFR Flight
(91.205)
F.L.A.P.S.

A

F - Fuses (spare or circuit breakers)
L - Landing Light (If for hire)
A - Anti-Collision Lights (after 1971)
P - Position Lights (Navigation Lights)
S - Source of Electrical Power

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10
Q

What is required when logging VOR error? DEPS

A

D - Date

E - Errors

P - Place

S - Signature

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11
Q

Equipment Required for IFR Day and Night
Flight (91.205)
G.R.A.B.C.A.R.D.

A

G.R.A.B.C.A.R.D.D.
G - Generator/Alternator R - 2 Way Radios + Nav Equip. Suitable for route
A - Altimeter
B - Ball (Skid-Slip Indicator)
C - Clock
A - Attitude Indicator
R - Rate of Turn Indicator
D - Directional Gyro (Heading Indicator)

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12
Q

Definition of “Night time” per the FAA?

A

1 ) Sunset to Sunrise = position & anti-collision lights must be on

2) End of evening civil twilight to the beginning of morning civil twilight = Logging night flight

3) 1 hour after sunset & 1 hour before sunrise = night current to carry pax (3 stop n go’s)

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13
Q

Pilot Self-Assessment I.M.S.A.F.E.

A

I - Illness
M - Medications
S - Stress
A - Alcohol + Drugs (91.17)
F - Fatigue
E - External Factors (Eating, Emotional)

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14
Q

Personal Minimums & Risk Management
P.A.V.E. (PHAK 2-8)

A

P - Pilot (IMSAFE, currency, proficiency, 91.103)
A - Aircraft (DIE , equipment familiarity, performance)
V - EnVironment (Weather, terrain, airports)
E - External Pressures (hazardous attitudes, passengers)

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15
Q 
Preflight Information (91.103)
N.W.K.R.A.F.T. “All available information concerning the flight”
A

N - NOTAM’s
W - Weather
K - Known ATC delays
R - Runway Lengths
A - Alternatives
F - Fuel
T - Takeoff and landing distance calculations

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16
Q

Basic IFR Departure Clearance Items C.R.A.F.T.

A

C - Clearance Limit
R - Route
A - Altitude
F - Frequency (for departure)
T - Transponder Code

17
Q

Mandatory Reports Under IFR
M.A.R.V.E.L.O.U.S. V.F.R. C.500
* = Required only in a non-radar environment
(including ATC radar failure)

A

M - Missed Approach (AIM 5-3-3)
A - Airspeed ±10kt / 5% Change of Filed TAS
(AIM 5-3-3)
R - Reaching a Holding Fix (AIM 5-3-3)
V - VFR on Top + Alt. change during (AIM 5-3-3)
E* - ETA Change ±2 min (AIM 5-3-3)
L - Leaving a Holding Fix/Point (AIM 5-3-3)
O* - Outer Marker (AIM 5-3-3)
U - Unforecasted Weather (91.183)
S - Safety of Flight (91.183)
V - Vacating an Altitude (AIM 5-3-3)
F* - Final Approach Fix (AIM 5-3-3)
R - Radio/Nav Failure (91.187 & AIM 5-3-3)
C* - Compulsory Reporting Points (91.183)
500 - Unable to Climb/Descend 500 fpm (AIM
5-3-3)

18
Q

When not to Fly a Procedure Turn (91.175,
5-4-9)
S.H.A.R.P.T.T.

A

S - Straight in Approach
H - Holding in lieu of a Procedure Turn
A - Arc
R - Radar Vectored to Final Approach Course
P - NoPT Depicted on Chart
T - Timed Approach
T - Teardrop Course Reversal

19
Q

Magnetic Compass Errors
V.D.M.O.N.A

A

V - Variation
D - Deviation
M - Magnetic Dip
O - Oscillation
N - Northerly Turning Errors (UNOS)
A - Acceleration / Deceleration Errors (ANDS)

20
Q

Passenger Carry Requirements (61.57a-b)
No person may act as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers unless that person has made at least:

A
  1. 3 T/O & landings within the preceding 90 days and
  2. Acted as sole manipulator of the controls and
  3. Was performed in the same category, class, and type (if type rating is required)
    ○ tailwheel = 3 stop n go’s
  4. Night = 3 stop n go’s during 1 hour after sunset to the 1 hour before sunrise
21
Q

Recent Flight Experience: Pilot in Command (61.57c)
6.6.H.I.T.

A

6 - within previous 6 months
6 - Instrument Approaches
H - Holding
I - Intercepting
T - Tracking

22
Q

Instrument Proficiency Check (61.57(d)), (Instrument ACS p. A-12)

A

Failed to meet the instrument experience requirements in the preceding 6 calendar months (ie 6 months after your recency expired), you can reestablish instrument currency only by completing an instrument proficiency check. ACS (A-12)

Proficiency Check can be performed by:

i. An examiner
ii. An authorized instructor
iii. A company check pilot iv. Military Check Pilot
v. A person approved by the Administrator to conduct instrument practical tests

23
Q

IFR Cruising Altitudes. (91.179)

A

EAST odd thousand foot MSL (0-179)
WEST even thousand foot MSL (180-359)

24
Q

IFR Minimum Altitudes (91.177) (AIM 5-6-16)

A

a. Mountainous area: 2,000’ & 4 nm
b. Non-mountainous area: 1,000’ & 4 nm

25
Q

IFR Fuel Requirements (91.167)

A
  1. Complete the flight to the first airport of intended landing;
  2. Fly from that airport to the alternate airport and
  3. Fly after that for 45 minutes at normal cruising speed
26
Q

When do you need an alternate? (91.169)

A
  1. You ALWAYS need an alternate, unless the airport you’re going to has an instrument approach and the weather is above the 1-123 Rule.
    1 - 123 Rule
    At least 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA, the ceiling will be at least
    2,000 feet above the airport elevation and the visibility be at least 3 statues miles
27
Q

VOR Checks “BADVAG”

A

B - Bench test +/- 4°
A - Airborne +/- 6°
D - Dual +/- 4° TO EACH OTHER
V - VOT Station +/- 4° (180 TO, 360 FROM)
A - Airway +/- 6°
G - Ground +/- 4°

28
Q

VOR Service Volumes (Terminal, Low, & High)

A

Terminal - 1,000’ to 12,000’ AGL 25 NM

Low - 1,000’ to 18,000’ AGL 40 NM

High - 1,000’ to 14,500’ AGL 40 NM

  • 14,500’ to 18,000’ AGL 100 NM
  • 18,000’ to 45,000’ AGL 130 NM
  • 45,000’ to 60,000’ AGL 100 NM
29
Q

VOR Limitations (UCARL)

A

U - User error (reverse sensing or wrong frequency)

C - Cone of confusion (cone shaped volume above VOR station where NO signal is received)

A - Area of ambiguity (positioned 90deg from selected radial; identified by NO to/from flag)

R - Rpm errors (certain RPM settings may cause vor to fluctuate +/- 6 deg)

L - Line of sight (blocked by terrain & obstructions, further you are the higher you need to be)

30
Q

Takeoff and Landing under IFR 91.175(c)

A

No pilot may descend below the authorized DA/MDA unless:

1) A descent can be made with normal maneuvers & normal rate of descent (<1,000 fpm)
2) Weather is at or above the approach plate minimums
3) Visibility of atleast one of the following:

  • ALS- Approach Lighting System (descend to no more than 100’ AGL)
  • ALSF I or II
  • REIL
  • VASI or PAPI
  1. Threshold (markings & lights)
  2. Runway (markings & lights)
  3. Touchdown zone (markings & lights)
31
Q

Loss Communications 91.185

AVEF MEA

A

Route in order:

A - Assigned

V - Vectored

E -Expected

F - Filed

Highest of altitudes:

M - Minimum IFR

E - Expected

A - Assigned

32
Q

IFR Flight planning Requirements MAFIAHOOPW

A

M - Minimum IFR (MEA, MOCA, MAA, MRA, MCA, OROCA, MCA)

A - Alternates (123 rule: 1 hr before & after, 2,000’ ceilings, 3 sm vis.)

F - Fuel Requirements

I - Instrument Procedures

A - Aircraft Performance (climb gradient, TOL distances)

H - Hemispherical Altitudes (0º-179º ODD ; 180º-359º EVEN)

O - Oxygen Requirement (12,500’-14,000 after 30 min., 14,001+ whole flight, 15,000’ PAX)

O - Obstacles

P - Preferred IFR Routes (chart supplement)

W - Weather

Instrument Oral (7 decks)

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