Inside The Atom & Acids + Bases

Question 1

What is the lightest and smallest sub-atomic particle in an atom?

Answer 1

Electrons

Question 2

What are the three different types of particles in an atom and what are their charges?

Answer 2

• Proton = Positive +1
• Electron = Negative -1
• Neutron = Neutral 0

Question 3

The atomic number of an atom is the same as _______?

Answer 3

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 4

The nucleus contains _____

Answer 4

Protons and neutrons

Question 5

What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?

Answer 5

Matter cannot be destroyed or created

Question 6

What does ‘exo’ mean?

Answer 6

Release

Question 7

What is indigestion?

Answer 7

When you feel pain in your; chest, abdomen or stomach. It is associated with difficultly in disgusting foods after meals and having too much stomach acid

Question 8

What are some symptoms of indigestion?

Answer 8

• Heartburn, pain, fullness or discomfort in you chest or abdomen.
• Loss of appetite
• Feeling sick
• Flatuence, burping or belching

Question 9

What do indigestion tablets do?

Answer 9

They neutralise the stomach acids in you stomach so it’s easier to digest food

Question 10

What do indigestion tablets contain?

Answer 10

Bicarbonate soda

Question 11

What is the name of a base that dissolve in water?

Answer 11

Alkali

Question 12

What does ‘PH’ stand for?

Answer 12

Potential of Hydrogen

Question 13

What is the range of the PH scale?

Answer 13

1-14

Question 14

What is the PH of acids?

Answer 14

1-6

Question 15

What is the PH of bases?

Answer 15

8-14

Question 16

What PH is neutral?

Answer 16

7

Question 17

What do all acids start with?

Answer 17

‘H’

Question 18

What do all bases end with?

Answer 18

‘OH’

Question 19

What is an indicator?

Answer 19

An indicator is a substance which determines whether a substance is acidic or basic

Question 20

List four examples of indicators

Answer 20

• Universal
• Litmus paper (blue/red)
• Methyl orange
• Bromothmol Blue

Question 21

What’s foods can be used to make indicators?

Answer 21

• Cherry juice
• Black current juice
• Beetroot juice
• Red cabbage

Question 22

Why is universal indicator a good indicator?

Answer 22

Because it’s a mixture of different indicators so it’s more accurate

Question 23

What colour does litmus paper turn in acids?

Answer 23

Red

Question 24

What colour does litmus paper turn in bases?

Answer 24

Blue

Question 25

List five properties of bases

Answer 25

- Taste bitter - Feel slipper/ soapy - PH 8-14 - Turn litmus paper blue - No reaction with metal

Question 26

Four examples of household, basic, substances

Answer 26

- Bleach - Cleaning agents - Soap - Toothpaste

Question 27

Five properties of acids

Answer 27

- Taste sour - PH 1-6 - Turn litmus paper red - Are corrosive - Not slippery

Question 28

List five, household, acidic substances

Answer 28

- Vinegar - Lemon juice - Coffee - Cola - batteries

Question 29

Four examples of acids

Answer 29

- Sulphuric - Hydrochloric - Tannic - Citric

Question 30

Which is more acidic; lemon juice or orange juice?

Answer 30

Lemon juice

Question 31

Why is it important to brush your teeth?

Answer 31

Some acids can't be neutralised by your saliva, so you have to wash them out.

Question 32

What is neutralisation?

Answer 32

Acids and bases are mixed together at equal amounts to neutralise each other

Question 33

What is produced in neutralisation?

Answer 33

Slat and water

Question 34

What is the worded equation for neutralisation?

Answer 34

-OH + H ---> H2O + NaCl | Base + Acid --> Water + Salt

Question 35

What is the chemical reaction for acid and metal?

Answer 35

Acid + Metal = H2 gas + Salt (NaCl)

Question 36

How is acid rain formed?

Answer 36

When fossil fuels are burn't, chemical particles mis with water vapour in the air, then travel thousands of miles and fall as acid rain.

Question 37

What does acid rain do to the environment?

Answer 37

It kills trees and disintegrates /corrodes statues and other things

Question 38

What element is always present in an acid?

Answer 38

Hydrogen

Question 39

How do you know us a gas sample has hydrogen?

Answer 39

Produces a 'pop' sound when a lit match is placed in it

Question 40

What makes food go off?

Answer 40

Bacteria, it's attracted to neutral foods (doesn't like acidic substances) and when it gets into the food it multiples and creates toxins which will give you food poisoning

Question 41

What order is the periodic table arranged in?

Answer 41

Atomic number order

Question 42

What are the first three shells in an atomic structure?

Answer 42

2, 8, 8

Question 43

What are protons and neutrons made of?

Answer 43

Smaller particles called 'quarks'