Inside and Outside (T2) Flashcards
Vernacular architecture
of arts, of features of these: Native or peculiar to a particular country or locality spec. in vernacular architecture, architecture concerned with ordinary domestic and functional buildings rather than the essentially monumental
(early architecture where architecture is shaped by what is needed and where materials are)
primitive architecture
man’s relationship with the environment
folk architecture
living environment people have created for themselves
climate adapted
well suited or fitted to a particular purpose or use
that has been adapted
of an organism or characteristics that has become modified in the course of evolution to suit an ecological niche or biological function
the seasons
earth is titled so we have the seasons
all have of the day you will have daylight
equator less of difference
Degree days
Degree days are essentially a simplified representation of outside air- temperature data.
They are widely used in the energy industry for calculations relating to the effect of outside air temperature on building energy consumption.
There are heating degree days (HDD) and cooling degree days (CDD).
The degree days approach can also be used as a measure of the climatic severity of a particular locale, and so an estimate the comfort (or lack thereof) of vernacular/primitive/traditional buildings.
Heat degree days (HDD)
are a measure of how much (in degrees), and for how long (in days), outside air temperature was lower than a specific “base temperature” (or “balance point”). They are used for calculations relating to the energy consumption required to heat buildings.
Cooling degree days (CDD)
are a measure of how much (in degrees), and for how long (in days), outside air temperature was higher than a specific base temperature. They are used for calculations relating to the energy consumption required to cool buildings
Base temperature
The base temperature often used to calculate heating degree days (HDD) in the UK is 15.5oC, because at this external air temperature most UK buildings do not need supplementary heating.
simple rules of HDD and CDD
If the overall average external temperature for a month is less than the base temperature for heating, then calculate HDDs.
If the overall average external temperature for a month is greater than the base temperature for cooling, then calculate CDDs.
Degree days and internal gains
The degree day method assumes essentially modern construction (1950s onwards) and that there will be some internal heat gains.
Sources of heat gain include:
• Occupants
• Any equipment that consumes power, e.g. lighting, computers, etc.
• Solar gain through windows
what does degree days not take into account?
humidity
thermal mass
solar gain
what is a casual gains?
machines that use energy that turns into heat
key features of degree days
The monthly heating and/or cooling degree days are an indication of the climatic severity for a particular locale.
The degree day method is a very useful ‘rule of thumb’ approach to estimate the likely heating and cooling requirements for a building.
The degree day method is based on the principle that the temperature of an internal space (without heating and/or cooling) would largely follow the changes in the external air temperature.
