Comfort and the Senses: Ventilation and Air Flow (T3)

Question 1

Why do we need ventilation?

Answer 1

• Oxygen
• Remove CO2
• Remove body odours
• Remove contaminants
• Fresh air
• Remove moisture and heat

Question 2

Cost of getting climate change wrong

Answer 2

• Different levels of CO2 mean can change peoples grades
• Excess heating = increased amount of gas used
  Monday February 27th 1989 = international ozone research team measures serious pollution damage in the Arctic
  Climate change is costing people their lives

Question 3

Contributions to global warming

Answer 3

• 40% = comes from the way our building are lit
• Reduce energy use > reduce Carbon emissions > reduce climate change
  Warm air rises = can be used in a hot air balloon

Question 4

Stack effect

Answer 4

(buoyancy-driven ventilation) = internal heat gains generate inside-outside temperature difference

Question 5

Client Brief

Answer 5

• Fully functional as a library
• Net floor area – 12000m2
• Energy efficient and environmentally friendly
• Consideration to natural ventilation and daylighting
• Robust to future increase in computer use (increase heat gain)
• Local authority: not to exceed 4 storeys
• Control of external air/noise pollution essential

Question 6

deep plan

Answer 6

Advantage 
-	Large, useable floor area
-	Clear layout of book stacks
Disadvantage 
-	Air conditioned
-	Expensive to operate
-	Environmentally insensitive

Question 7

Perimeter Indents with Voids

Answer 7

Advantage 
-	Permeter bays – cross vent and daylit
-	Indent – daylight deeper into space 
-	Voids for daylight and ventilation
Disadvantage 
-difficult to make voids large enough (loss of space)
- large perimeter: floor area ratio

Question 8

Radial Panoptican with Corner Bays

Answer 8

Advantage
-	Corner bays – nat vent and daylit
-	Architecturally strong
Disadvantage
-	Large core space volume 
-	Unusual radial book stacks
-	Expensive curved construction

Question 9

Light canyon

Answer 9

Advantage

• Well daylit
• Good potential for natural ventilation

Disadvantage
- Waste of space

Question 10

Water bath modelling for natural ventilation

Answer 10

Why?

• transient and time dependant flows
• CFD Validation

Question 11

CFD

Answer 11

• Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to solveand analyse that involve fluid flows
• More flecible
• More iteration : parameters and Variables
• More detail
• Cheaper?