Insects

Question 1

What do insects have instead of lungs

Answer 1

A tracheal system

Question 2

Does the blood of an insect carry o2

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Name all 3 parts of the tracheal system in the correct order

Answer 3

• spiracles
• trachea
• tracheoles

Question 4

Describe the spiracles

Answer 4

They are a series of pores that run long the abdomen of the insect the allow O2 and CO2 to enter and leave. Trachea attach to the spiracles

Question 5

Describe trachea

Answer 5

They are a network of internal tubes. They have a ring of chitin within them which provide strength and keeps the tubes open

Question 6

Describe tracheoles

Answer 6

Trachea branch into tracheoles. Tracheoles are very fine tubes which extend throughout the tissues in the insects to deliver O2 to all respiring cells

Question 7

What 3 ways does gas move through the tracheal system

Answer 7

• diffusion
• mass transport
• anerobic respiration

Question 8

How does gas move through the tracheal system through diffusion

Answer 8

Respiratoy gases move down the concentration gradient

Question 9

How does efficient diffusion occur in an insect

Answer 9

Diffusion distance must be short so therefor insects are limited to a certain size

Question 10

How does mass transport move gases

Answer 10

They contract muscles which increase air movement in the trachae. The muscle contraction pump de oxygenated air out of the spiracles which causes a pressure gradient so now oxygenated air can enter the trachea down the pressure gradient

Question 11

How does anaerobic respiration move gases in the trachea system

Answer 11

O2 transport can be facilitated by the production of lactate during intense activity

Question 12

What happens during intense activity

Answer 12

• anaerobic respiration
• this increase lactate
• wp decreases in muscles
• water enters muscles via osmosis
• Air drawn into tracheoles
• increase sa for gas exchange
• O2 and CO2 diffuses faster through gases than liquids
• increases respiration

Question 13

Where does anerobic respiration occur

Answer 13

Tracheoles

Question 14

Hoe does lacate lower wp

Answer 14

Its soluble and therefor lowers water potential

Question 15

Why is good that water enter muscles from tracheoles

Answer 15

Means there is less water in the tracheoles so increase SA for gas exchange therefor O2 is supplied for rapidly for respiration

Question 16

How do spiracles limit water loss

Answer 16

• acts like valves that can open and close
• have setae which are hair which trap a layer moist air to reduce water potential gradient as water potential is more negative and lower in the atmosphere that the insect

Question 17

What ways do insects limit water loss

Answer 17

• small sa:v
• waterproof exoskeleton
• spircales

Question 18

How SA made big

Answer 18

• many branching tracheoles

- removal of water during excerise increase SA

Question 19

Why cant insects sue their bodies as a exchange surface

Answer 19

The have water proof chitin exoskeleton and a small SA:V ration to limit water loss

Question 20

Explain the process of gas exchange in insects

Answer 20

• gases move in and out of tracheae through spiracles
• a diffusion gradient allows o2 to diffuse into the body tissue while waste co2 diffuses out
• contraction of muscles in the trachea allows mass movement of air in and out

Question 21

How are insects adapted fro gas exchange

Answer 21

• tracheoles have thin walls so shot diffusion distance to cells
• highly branched tracheoles so large SA
• tracheae provide tubes full of air so fast diffusion into the insect