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biology - 7 - Gas Exchange > Dicot Plant > Flashcards

Dicot Plant Flashcards

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1
Q

Name all the part of a leaf

A
  • cuticle
  • upper epidermis cells
  • palisade mesophyll cells
  • spongy mesophyll cells
  • sub-stro matal air space
  • lower epidermas cells
  • guard cells
  • stomata
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2
Q

Why is the spongy mesophyll made up of irregular cells

A

It will increase their sa:v ratio

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3
Q

What 2 major reactions take place in plants

A
  • respiration

- photosynthesis

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4
Q

Word equation for photosythesis

A

Carbion dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

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5
Q

Word equation respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen —> energy + carbon dioxide + water

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6
Q

What is movemnemt of 02 in dim light through a dicot plant

A
  • 02 moves in via diffusion
  • 02 moves via diffusion and dissolves in layer of moisture
  • 02 oves into cytplasm of the cell
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7
Q

What is the rate of respiration in plant low in dim light

A
  • not enough light for photosynthesis so the rate photosynthesis is too low to supply 02 needed for the plant to respire
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8
Q

Movment of 02 in strong light

A
  • Co2 willl diffuse in and 02 out

- diffusion gradient is maintained

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9
Q

What is the role for stomata

A

Gas exchange can occur when through them to provide for metabollic needs

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10
Q

What happens in a plant when too much water is lost

A
  • guard cells become shrunken
  • stomata close
    Both of these things combined will reduce then volume of water lost through transpiration
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11
Q

Define transpiration

A

Evaporation of water from leaves of a plant

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12
Q

What increases transpiration

A
  • high temperature
  • low humity
  • air flow
  • light
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13
Q

How does a high temperature increase transpiration

A

It increases kentic energy

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14
Q

How does low humity increase transpiration

A

There’s a high water potential differnece

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15
Q

How does air flow increase transpiration

A

Maintains water potential gradient

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16
Q

Why does light increase transpiration

A

Stomata will open

17
Q

Why would more water be lost from a plant

A

If theres a larger water potential gradient btween inside and outside of stomata

18
Q

Smaller wp gradient means

A

Slower rate of diffuson

19
Q

Larger wp gradient means

A

Faster rate of diffusion

20
Q

Define hydrophytes

A

Plants that live in enviroment where lots of water is available

21
Q

Define mesophytes

A

Live in an enviroment with moderate amount of water

22
Q

Define xerophytes

A

Plants that live in a enviorment where low water availability

23
Q

How are xerophytes adapted to reduce water loss

A
  • thivk cuticle
  • rolled up leaves
  • hairy leaves
  • stomata in pits or grooves
  • Reduced sa:v of leaves
  • extensive root system
24
Q

What does the thick cuticle effect and why

A

The diffusion distance because of the thickness less water can escape

25
Q

What do rolled up leaves effect and how

A

Concentration gradient because the rolled up leaves protect the lower epidermis traps air which becomes saturated with water vapour which has a high water potential wich means ther is no water potential gradient between inside and out so no water is lost

26
Q

What do hairy leaves effect and how

A

The concentration gradient the hair traps moisture which reduces the wter potential gradient beween outside and inside so less water lost by evaportion

27
Q

What does a reduced sa:v effect and how

A
  • small sa:v ratio = slower diffuson which means water loss is reduced
28
Q

How is SA made big

A
  • air spaces in contact with mesophyll cells

- leaf has a large internal SA compared to V

29
Q

How is the CG made big

A
  • many stomata
  • O2 and CO2 diffuses in and out of cell
  • air spaces in leaf connect to outside
30
Q

How is the DD small

A
  • cell walls are thin and permeable

- mesophyll cells are close to stomata

biology - 7 - Gas Exchange (8 decks)

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