Insecta (lecture 14)

Question 1

Why have insects been so successful?

Answer 1

The evolution of flight.

Question 2

Name some advantages of the evolution of wings

Answer 2

• Escape predators
• Find food & mates
• Disperse to new habitats much faster than crawling organisms

Question 3

Describe the insects wings

Answer 3

One or two pairs of wings that emerge from the dorsal side of the thorax. They are extensions of the cuticle and aren’t true appendages.

Question 4

Name the climatic range of which insects can inhabit

Answer 4

-50°C-60°C

Question 5

What is the compound eye made up of?

Answer 5

Ommatidia

Question 6

Ocelli

Answer 6

Three single-unit eyes that are sensitive to light and sometimes specific wavelengths. They don’t form an image.

Question 7

Name the three appendages that form an insect’s mouth parts.

Answer 7

• One pair of mandibles
• One pair of maxillae
• The labium

Question 8

What is the labium made of?

Answer 8

The fusion between a second pair of maxillae.

Question 9

Labrum

Answer 9

Upper lip.

Question 10

Hypopharynx

Answer 10

A structure that aids in swallowing.

Question 11

How many segments make up the thorax?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

How many segments make up the abdomen?

Answer 12

9-11

Question 13

Insects are dioecious true or false?

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

What is the exoskeleton made up of?

Answer 14

4 plates: tergum, sternum & pleuron.

Question 15

What kind of respiratory system do insects have?

Answer 15

An open respiratory system.

Question 16

Describe the open respiratory system

Answer 16

Oxygen is carried directly to the insect’s tissue by the tracheae & tracheoles and the haemolymph.

Question 17

Pharynx

Answer 17

A muscular pump in blood or plant-juice feeding insects.

Question 18

Crop

Answer 18

Storage chamber for food before passing to the midgut.

Question 19

Gizzard & proventriculus

Answer 19

Grinds the food up before passing to the midgut.

Question 20

What happens in the midgut?

Answer 20

Digestion and absorption. Gastric caeca secrete enzymes to aid digestion.

Question 21

Malpighian tubules

Answer 21

Tubes that connect with the gut between the midgut and the hindgut.

Question 22

Phylogenic tree?

Answer 22

Ecdysozoa=Nematoda and Arthropoda

Question 23

Name the orders

Answer 23

Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and Lepidoptera

Question 24

What are the two kinds of metamorphosis?

Answer 24

Hemimetabolous (incomplete) and Holometabolous (complete)

Question 25

Name three classes

Answer 25

Chilopoda, Diplopoda and Insecta

Question 26

Describe what makes up the exoskeleton

Answer 26

It is chitinous