Insect Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What is tagmosis?

A

Clumping together of body segments into functional units. Segmented - small divisions.

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2
Q

What are the three insect tagma?

A
  1. Head
  2. Thorax
  3. Abdomen
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3
Q

Name the different types of mouth parts.

A
  • chewing
  • piercing-sucking
  • rasping
  • chewing-lapping
  • siphoning
  • sponging
  • chewing-sponging
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4
Q

What two mouth parts are the most common?

A

chewing, piercing-sucking

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5
Q

What are the structures of the thorax?

A

“Bucket of Chicken” … legs ‘n wings.

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6
Q

What are the functions (and structures) of the abdomen?

A
  • Digestion / excretion
  • Respiration … spiracles
  • Reproduction … testes / ovaries, spermatheca, accessory glands, ovipositor
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7
Q

What are spiracles?

A

Tiny holes that let air in, mostly on abdomen. Not “mouthbreathing” - insects never pant.

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8
Q

What is a stinger?

A

Modifed ovipositor (in females).

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9
Q

Why is there a special procedure for removing a honeybee stinger and not a wasp stinger?

A

Honeybee stingers are barbed; venom sac can remain if caution is not exercised.

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10
Q

What is the function of the accessory gland?

A
  • produces venom
  • cements eggs to surfaces
  • gall production
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11
Q

Discuss chewing mouth parts.

A

Most common, damage is easily visible.

Found in grubs, armyworms, cutworms, and most predators.

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12
Q

Discuss piercing-sucking mouthparts.

A

Second most common, disease vectors.

Rostorum (beak) enables insect to eat plant liquids, blood, etc…

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13
Q

Discuss rasping mouth parts.

A

Asymmetrical. Pierce, then suck.

Found in thrips.

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14
Q

Discuss chewing-lapping mouth parts.

A

Chew, then lap up liquids.

Found in bee / wasp adults.

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15
Q

Discuss siphoning mouth parts.

A

Hose-like projection for sucking liquids.

Unique to Lepidoptera.

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16
Q

Discuss sponging mouth parts.

A

Dabbing of surfaces / liquids.

Found in houseflies.

17
Q

Discuss chewing-sponging mouth parts.

A

Slashing, then sponging.

Found in dragonflies and horseflies.

18
Q

Name four types of leg variations.

A
  • Natatorial
  • Raptorial
  • Saltatorial
  • Fossorial
19
Q

Define natatorial.

A

For swimming, found in aquatic beetles.

20
Q

Define raptorial.

A

For catching prey, found in preying mantis.

21
Q

Define saltatorial.

A

For jumping, found in grasshoppers.

22
Q

Define fossorial.

A

For digging, found in mole crickets.

23
Q

Name three types of wing variations.

A
  • Hemelytra
  • Elytra
  • Tegmina
24
Q

Define hemelytra.

A

Half hard, half leathery wings.

25
Q

Define elytra.

A

Hard wings, found in beetles.

26
Q

Define tegmina.

A

Plural wings, found in preying mantis.

27
Q

Define spermatheca.

A

Container to hold sperm indefinitely; female can ‘self-fertilize’ at will.

28
Q

Define ovipositor.

A

Modified stinger; used in egg laying and defense.