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chemistry (alevels) > Inorganic Practical > Flashcards

Inorganic Practical Flashcards

1
Q

What reagents are used to test for sulfate ions

A

BaCl2
HCl

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2
Q

What is produced if sulfate is present

A

White precipitate

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3
Q

What is the simplest ionic equation for the test of sulfate

A

Ba2+ (aq) +SO42- —> BaSO4

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4
Q

Why is hydrochloric acid added to test for sulfate ions

A

Is used to react with the carbonate impurities
Prevent formation of barium carbonate

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5
Q

What reagents are used to identify halides

A

Nitric acid
Silver nitrate

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6
Q

What is produced if chloride is present

A

White precipitate

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7
Q

What is the ionic equation for when chloride is present

A

Ag+ +Cl- —> AgCl

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8
Q

What forms when bromide is present

A

Cream precipitate

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9
Q

What is the ionic equation for when bromide is present

A

Ag+ + Br- —> AgBr

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10
Q

What is the colour of precipitate when iodide is present

A

Yellow precipitate

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11
Q

What is the ionic equation for presence of iodide

A

Ag+ +I- —> AgI

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12
Q

What is the role of nitric acid when identifying halides

A

Reacts with any carbonates to prevent the formation of Ag2CO3

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13
Q

What is a reducing agent

A

Something that donates electrons

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14
Q

What is the trend for reducing ability in group 7

A

Reducing power increases down group 7

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15
Q

Why does reducing ability increase as you go down group 7

A

The ions get bigger it is easier for outer electrons to be given away
As attraction with nucleus gets smaller

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16
Q

What is the reaction when fluoride ions react with sulfuric acid

A

NaF +H2SO4 —> NaSO4 + HF

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17
Q
A
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18
Q

What are silver halides treated with

A

Ammonia solution

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19
Q

Why is ammonia solution added

A

To help differentiate between silver halide precipitates

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20
Q

Describe the reaction between silver chloride and ammonia

A

AgCl + 2 NH3 (aq) —> [Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl-

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21
Q

What is silver bromide treated with

A

Concentrated ammonia

22
Q

Describe the reaction between silver bromide and concentrated ammonia

A

AgBr + 2NH3 —> [Ag(NH3)2]2+ + Br-

23
Q

Does silver iodide react with ammonia

24
Q

How do you test for carbonate ions

A

Add dilute acid and observe effervescence

Bubble gas through limewater to test for CO2 -will turn limewater cloudy

2HCl + Na2CO3 —> 2NaCl + H2O + CO2

25
Q

Describe the test for hydroxides

A

Hydroxide ions will turn red litmus paper blue

26
Q

What reagents are used to test for ammonium ions

A

Ammonium chloride

Sodium hydroxide

27
Q

Describe test for ammonium ions

A

1.Add ammonium chloride to test tube

2.Add sodium hydroxide solution

3.Warm mixture

4.Test fume release by holding red litmus paper in the mouth of test tube

28
Q

What is the trend in solubility as you go down group 2

A

More soluble as you go down

29
Q

What is the equation for the formation of Mg(OH) 2

A

Mg2+ + 2 OH- —> Mg(OH)2 (s)

30
Q

What colour precipitate is magnesium hydroxide

A

White precipitate

31
Q

What is the equation for calcium hydroxide

A

Ca2+ (aq) + 2OH- —> Ca(OH)2 (s)

32
Q

What colour precipitate is calcium hydroxide

A

White precipitate

33
Q

What metals react to form sulfates in group 2

A

Strontium
And barium

34
Q

What group 2 metals form hydroxide

A

Calcium and magnesium

35
Q

What is used to test halides reducing ability

A

Sulfuric acid

36
Q

What two ions are not strong enough reducing agents

A

F- and Cl-

37
Q

What is the reaction when Soidum chloride reacts with sulfuric acid

A

NaCl(s) + H2SO4 —-> NaHSO4 + HCl

38
Q

What can you observe when sodium chloride reacts with sulfuric acid

A

White fumes

39
Q

Once HBr is produced what happens when that reacts with sulfuric acid

A

2HBr + H2SO4 —> Br (g) + SO2 + 2H2O

40
Q

What is observed when H2SO4 is reduced by Br ions

A

White steamy fumes produced

Orange fumes of bromine are also produced

41
Q

What is the role of H2SO4

A

Plays the role of the acid in the first step when producing HBr

Then acts as an oxidising agent in the second step

42
Q

What is the reaction when Hi reacts with H2SO4

A

2HI + H2SO4 —-> I2 + SO2 + 2H2O
6HI + H2SO4 —-> 3 I2 + S + 4H2O
8 HI + H2SO4 —-> 4I2 + H2S +4H2O

44
Q

What is observed in the reduction of sulfuric acid with HI

A

White steamy fumes

Black solid and purple fumes of iodine are evolved

A colourless acidic gas (SO2)

A yellow solid of sulfur

H2S bad egg smell

45
Q

How would insoluble salt be removed

A

By filtration
And washed with distilled water

47
Q

Why are insoluble salts washed with distilled water

A

To remove soluble impurities

50
Q

For testing for aqueous transition metals what reagents are used

A

Sodium hydroxide

Ammonia solution

Sodium carbonate

chemistry (alevels) (23 decks)

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