Inorganic Chem

Question 1

What are Isomers?

Answer 1

Isomers are two or more compounds that have the same general formula but a different arrangement of atoms in the compound and so have different properties.

Question 2

What are the types of isomers?

Answer 2

Structural, Chain, Positional and Functional group isomers

Question 3

Structural isomers

Answer 3

Substances with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae

Question 4

Chain isomers

Answer 4

They occur in all carbon compounds with four or more carbons. The longer the chain, the more possible chain isomers there are.

Question 5

Positional isomers

Answer 5

They are molecules with the same carbon chain and functional groups but they are on different carbons within the chain.

Question 6

Functional group isomers

Answer 6

They have the same molecular formula but different functional groups, so they belong to different organic families.

Question 7

What is Stereoisomerism and how is it caused

Answer 7

Stereoisomerism is caused by a double or triple bond. Optical isomers are also a form of stereoisomerism. They are compounds that have the same structural but the arrangement of their atoms in space is different. Atoms can rotate around a single bond. However, this rotation is restricted around a double or triple bond

Question 8

What is a sigma bond?

Answer 8

Carbon has four electrons in its outer shell. These form four covalent bonds by pairing with electrons on other atoms. The electron clouds from each electron in bond overlap. This is called a sigma bond.

Question 9

Examples of a sigma bond

Answer 9

C-C bonds and C-H bonds are examples of sigma bond. The overlap of two s orbitals or two p orbitals forms sigma bonds.