Active Transport Flashcards
What is active transport?
Active transport uses energy and is charge of moving ions and molecules across a membrane against the concentration gradient.
Examples of active transport?
Active transport allows sugar molecules, which are needed for cell respiration, to be absorbed into the blood from the gut, even when the sugar concentration of the blood is higher.
Example - Mineral absorption in plant
Active transport in the root hairs of plants allows plants to absorb mineral ions, which are necessary for healthy growth, even though the concentration of minerals is usually lower in the soil than in the root hair.
What is co-transport?
Co-transport is the mechanism of transport of glucose and amino acid into the epithelial cells in the ileum. Sodium binds to co-transporter proteins to allow glucose and amino acid to be transported.
What is sodium-potassium ATPase?
Sodium ions are actively transported into the blood by sodium-potassium ATPase, from the inside of epithelial cells lining the ileum.
The concentration of Na+ is now lower inside the cell than outside.
What is a sodium-glucose cotransporter?
Two Na+ ions from the lumen of the ileum bind to a transmembrane protein known as the sodium-glucose cotransporter.
At the same time, the cotransporter binds with a molecule of glucose from the ileum and moves it into the cell.
The sodium ions diffuse into the cell, moving the glucose into the cell at the same time
