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CHEMISTRY > INORG CHEM 2 > Flashcards

INORG CHEM 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Universal solvent & best expectorant

A

WATER

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2
Q

UNFIT FOR DRINKING

A

NATURAL/MINERAL/WELL WATER

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3
Q

ING. OF OFFICIAL PREPS, TEST, ASSAYS

A

Purified water

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4
Q

HARD WATER TYPES

A 
Alkaline water
Saline/Purgative water
Carbonated water
Chalybeate water
Lithia water
Sulfur water
Siliceous water
Baryta water
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5
Q

Strong acids

A

H-CBNIPS

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6
Q

Also known as muriatic acid

Present in gastric juice

A

HYDROCHLORIC ACID

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7
Q

Tx for gastric achlorydia (low HCl in stomach)

A

Diluted HCl (10% w/v soln)

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8
Q

Lactated ringer’s/Hartmann’s soln

A

NaCl + KCl + CaCl + Na lactate

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9
Q

Darrow’s soln

A

NaCl + KCl + Na lactate

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10
Q

K+ replesnisher (salt of choice); cardiac & skeletal contractant (IV); lethal inj (IVP)

A

Potassium chloride

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11
Q

Muriate of hartshorn

Expectorant;diuretic, systemic & urinary acidifier

A

Ammonium chloride

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12
Q

Muriate of lime

Ca2+ replenisher

A

Calcium chloride

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13
Q

Burnett’s disinfectant;Zinc butter

Lucas rgt; antiseptic, dentin desensitizer (Astring-o-sol)

A

Zinc chloride

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14
Q

Ing in Sensodyne

A

Strontium chloride

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15
Q

BLACK LOTION COMPONENTS

A

Calomel + lime H2O

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16
Q

Calomel; cathartic

A

Mercurous chloride

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17
Q

Emetic; Tx for Tinea infxn

A

Cadmium chloride

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18
Q

Labbaraque’s soln (2.5%), household bleach, clorox, Dakin’s soln (5%)

A

Sodium hypochlorite

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19
Q

Chloride of lime

A

Calcium hypochlorite

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20
Q

Iodide salt of choice

DOC for cutaneous lymphatic sporotrichosis (fungi)

A

Potassium iodide

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21
Q

Potassium iodide at salt sol

A

Prep for thyroid surgery

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22
Q

Mayer’s rgt w/ white ppt

A

Mercuric potassium iodide

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23
Q

AQUA FORTIS

A

Nitric acid

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24
Q

Used as a Vasodilator; Meat/fish curing (preservative, flavor production, color dev.)

A

Sodium nitrite

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25
Q

Chile salt peter

Used as meat preservative & explosives

A

Sodium nitrate

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26
Q

Salt peter/prunelle/salitre

Meat preservtive & dentin desensitizer

A

Potassium nitrate

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27
Q

Lapiz infernulariz/lunar caustic/indelible ink

Tx. for wart

A

Silver nitrate

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28
Q

Prophylaxis for gonorrheal opthalmia nenonaturum (can cx NB blindness)

A

1% opthalmic soln of silver nitrate

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29
Q

Howe’s soln, Tollen’s rgt/Silver mirror test

A

Silver ammonium nitrate

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30
Q

Bismuth subnitrate uses

A

Antacid, astringent, antiseptic

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31
Q

OIL OF VITRIOL

A

Sulfuric acid

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32
Q

Glauber’s salt

Saline laxative/cathartic

A

Sodium sulfate

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33
Q

EPSOM SALT

Cathartic (PO), anticonvulsant (IM)

A

Magnesium sulfate

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34
Q

Preeclemapsia triad

A

HPN, proteinuria, edema

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35
Q

Plaster of Paris

Surgical cast

A

Calcium sulfate 1/2H2O

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36
Q

Calcium sulfate 2H2O

A

Gypsum

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37
Q

WHITE VITRIOL

A

Zinc sulfate

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38
Q

The only FDA approved opthalmic astringent (minor eye irritation)

A

0.25% soln of zinc sulfate

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39
Q

WHITE LOTION

A

ZnSO4 + sulfurated potash > ZnS

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40
Q

Blue/roman/salzburg vitriol/blue stone
Enhances fe utilization
Component of Barfoed’s, benedict’s & Fehling’s soln

A

Cupric sulfate

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41
Q

BORDEAUX MIXTURE

components and use

A

CuSO4 + CaO

Algicide and fungicide in swimming pools

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42
Q

GREEN VITRIOL

A

Ferrous sulfate

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43
Q

Mohr salt

A

Ferrous ammonium sulfate

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44
Q

Monsel’s soln

Styptic

A

Ferric (sub)sulfate soln

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45
Q

Radioopaque for GIT imaging

A

Barium sulfate

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46
Q

Tonic parasiticide

A

Nickel sulfate

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47
Q

Tawas, Alum

Used as astringent, antiperspirant, styptic

A

Aluminum potassium sulfate

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48
Q

Photographer’s hypochlor

A

Sodium thiosulfate, Sodium hyposulfite

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49
Q

Only white sulfide

Topical protectant, antiseptic, parasiticide

A

Zinc sulfide

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50
Q

Lithophone components

A

BaS + ZnS (70:30)

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51
Q

Pink/Salmon sulfide

A

Manganese sulfide

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52
Q

Only yellow sulfide; Capsebon

Antiseborrheic

A

Cadmium sulfide

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53
Q

Selsun blue; 2,5% susp: tx for seborrheic dermatitis

A

Selenium sulfide

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54
Q

Black sulfide, Galena (most common ore)

A

Lead sulfide

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55
Q

Triprotic acid (weak acid)

A

PHOSPHORIC ACID

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56
Q

Systemic & urinary acidifier (w/methenamine > NH3 + formaldehyde: URINARY ANTISEPTIC)
Tx. of UTI: cytitis

A

Monobasic sodium phosphate/Sodium dihydrogen phosphate

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57
Q

PHOSPHATE OF SODA

A

Dibasic sodium phosphate/ Sodium biphosphate

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58
Q

Combination of monobasic + dibasic phosphate

Also tx for HYPERCALCEMIA

A

FLEET ENEMA

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59
Q

Very alkaline rxn w/ H2O (corrosive)

For cleaning glass apparatus

A

(Tribasic) sodium phosphate

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60
Q

Graham’s salt, Calgon

Detergent, water softener

A

Sodium polymetaphosphate

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61
Q

Sorensen’s potassium PO4

A

Monobasic potassium phosphate

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62
Q

Bone ash

Antacid

A

Calcium phosphate

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63
Q

Ca2+ replenisher (recommended salt)

A

Dibasic calcium phosphate

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64
Q

PHOSPAGEL

Antacid;Demulcent

A

Aluminum phosphate

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65
Q

Sal sedativum hombergi

A

ortho Boric acid/Boracic acid

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66
Q

1st natural product with Boron

A

Boromycin

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67
Q

External buffer (NP)

A

Borate buffer system

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68
Q

BORATE BUFFER SYSTEM

Metal containing preps:

A

Feldman’s (pH 7-8.2) Boric acid + Na borate + NaCl (isotonic)
Gifford’s (pH 6-7.8) Boric acid + Na borate + KCl (hypotonic)
Atkin’s & Pentin (pH 7.6-11) Boric acid + sodium bicarbonate + NaCl

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69
Q

NORMAL pH of BLOOD/BODY FLUIDS

A

pH = 7.35-7.45

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70
Q

PHYSIOLOGIC BUFFER

A

Phosphate buffer system

71
Q

BORAX

A

Sodium tetra borate

72
Q

DOBELL’S SOLN COMPONENTS AND USE

A

Na borate + Na bicarbonate + phenol + glycerol

ENT antiseptic wash/astringent;Wet dressing for wounds

73
Q

Apog, Calx, lime

A

Calcium oxide

74
Q

Calcine, magnesia

Antacid;Laxative

A

Magnesium oxide

75
Q

Zinch white, Lassar’s paste, flowers of Zn

A

Zinc oxide

76
Q

Pink colorant in calamine

A

Ferric oxide

77
Q

Litharge

Astringent

A

Lead (II) monoxide

78
Q

Alumina

Adsorbent

A

Aluminum oxide

79
Q

Hg w/ yellow ppt

A

Mercuric oxide

80
Q

Arsenicum album

Used as wood preservative and insecticide

A

Arsenous oxide/Arsenic trioxide

81
Q

Form of arsenous oxide -Tx for leukemia (if not responsive to 1st line agent)

A

Trisenox

82
Q

Laughing gas, sweet air

Inhalatory dental anesthetic (weakest but safe)

A

Nitrous oxide

83
Q

Smog

A

Nitrogen dioxide

84
Q

Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas

Present in automobile exhaust

A

Carbon monoxide

85
Q

Carbonic acid gas
Most potent respiratory stimulant
DOC: persistent hiccups, hyperventilation syndrome

A

CARBON DIOXIDE

86
Q

DRY ICE

A

Solid form of carbon dioxide

87
Q

CFC chlorofluorocarbon

A

Freon

88
Q

Solar ray protectant w/ high refractive index

A

Titanium dioxide

89
Q

Inert solid; glidant

A

Silicon dioxide

90
Q

Silica purified by calcining

A

Purified siliceous/fullers/diatomaceous earth (Kielseguhr, Celite)

91
Q

Fumigant, anti oxidant, preservative

Acid anhydride of sulfurous acid

A

Sulfur dioxide

92
Q

Tx for Vincent stomatitis

A

Hydrogen peroxide/Agua oxenada

93
Q

Releases nascent O2

A

Zinc peroxide

94
Q

Germicide against staphylococcal

A

Stannic peroxide

95
Q

Most preferred for oral & ear infxn

A

CARBAMIDE/UREA PEROXIDE TOPICAL SOLN

96
Q

Caustic soda

For glycerin supp. prep

A

Sodium hydroxide

97
Q

Prevents milk curdling

Salked lime/milk of lime

A

Calcium hydroxide

98
Q

Calx sodica

Good CO2 absorber

A

Ca(OH)2 + Na or K hydroxide

99
Q

Milk of magnesia/magnesia magma

Amtacid

A

Magnesium hydroxide

100
Q

Cremalin gel

A

Aluminum hydroxide

101
Q

CO2 absorber

A

Barium hydroxide

102
Q

Internal protective for gastric ulcers + inhibit H. pylori

A

Bismuth hydroxide

103
Q

Milk of bismuth/bismuth cream component

A

Bi hydroxide + Bi sub carbonate/nitrate

104
Q

Alkanizing agent for Benedict’s soln

A

Sodium acetate

105
Q

Spirit of Minderesus

Basham’s mixture

A

Ammonium acetate

106
Q

Burrow’s soln

Al sulfate + Pb acetate

A

Aluminum actetate

107
Q

Sugar of lead

A

Lead acetate/Plumbous acetate

108
Q

Goulard’s extract

A

Lead subacetate

Pb actetate + PbO

109
Q

Lithas, Eskalith, Quilonium-R

Component of Lithia water

A

Lithium carbonate

110
Q

SODIUM CARBONATE FORMS

A

Anhydrous - soda ash
Dihydrate - trona
Decahydrate - soda crystals, washing/sal soda

111
Q

Old primary std. for aq. acidimetry

A

Sodium cabronate

112
Q

Salt peter/tartar/wormwood/pearl ash/potash

A

Potasisum carbonate

113
Q

Baker’s ammonia, Preston’s salt, Hartsshorn

A

Ammonium (sesqui) carbonate

114
Q

Precipitated/prepared chalk, limestone

Dentrifice, ing of toothpaste

A

Calcium carbonate

115
Q

2 FORMS OF CaCO3

A

Precipitated - commercially produced by chm means

Prepared - Native, purified by elutriation

116
Q

CRYTALS FORMS OF CALCIUM CARBONATE

A

Argonite

Calcite - natural bifringent of crystal

117
Q

VERY PURE FORM OF CALCITE

A

Iceland spar

118
Q

Chalybeate/blaud/Ferruginous pill

A

Ferrous carbonate

119
Q

Tx for Phodphatic calculi

A

Aluminum carbonate

120
Q

Baking soda, Solvay process

Has carbonating effect

A

Sodium bicarbonate

121
Q

Carbonating agent for Mg citrate oral susp

A

Potassium bicarbonate

122
Q

Sal volatile

A

Ammonium bicarbonate

123
Q

Antacid

Adv: creates protective coating in stomach

A

Mg trisilicate

124
Q

Talc/french chalk, soap stone: softest mineral

Used as adsorbent, dusting powder, filtering agent, clarifying agent

A

Hydrated magnesium trisilicate

125
Q

Bentonite, Wilhenite

A

Native colloidal hydrated Mg silicate

126
Q

MOST ABUNDANT OF ALL CLAYS

A

Native colloidal hydrated Mg silicate

Soap clay, mineral soap

127
Q

Bentonite magma

A

5% susp in H2O

128
Q

Kaolin, Kaolinite, china/porcelain clay, bolus alba

A

Native hydrated aluminum silicate

129
Q

Feldspar

A

Most common rock

130
Q

Potassium aluminum silicate

A

Feldspar

131
Q

Natural calamine

Topical protectant

A

Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

132
Q

Component of Kremil S w/ antiflatulent and antifoaming property

A

SIMETHICONE

133
Q

Polymer of dimethylsiloxane

A

Dimethicone (SIMECO)

134
Q

MOST COMMONLY USED Ca electrolyte replenisher

A

Calcium gluconate

135
Q

MOST STABLE FORM OF Fe COMPARED TO FeSO4

A

Ferrous fumarate (Toleron)

136
Q

Can be indirect source of bicarbonates

A

GLUCONATE SALTS

137
Q

Primary std for Karl Fischer Rgt

A

Sodium tartrate

138
Q

Cream of tartar, Argol, Creamor
Baking powder ing.
Only insol potassium salt

A

Potassium bitartrate

139
Q

Rochelle’s salt, Sal signette

Sequestrant in Fehling’s soln

A

Sodium potassium tartrae

140
Q

Tartar emetic, brown mixture
Emetic, expectorant
Tx for Schistosomiasis

A

Antimony potassium tartrate

141
Q

Antocoagulant of choice

Sequestrant for Benedict’s rgt

A

Sodium citrate

142
Q 
Purgative lemon (Lemonada purgante)
Saline cathartic
A

Magnesium citrate

143
Q

FORM OF CITRATE SALT

Tx for PUD

A

(colloidal) Bismuth subcitrate

144
Q

Hatchett’s brown

8% astringent

A

Cuprous citrate

145
Q

Pink bismuth

Active ing. pepto-bismol, kaopectate

A

Bismuth subsalicylate

146
Q

0.2% antimicrobial preservative (control yeast & mold growth in enteral formula, foods, cosmetics)

A

Potassium sorbate

147
Q

Complex of Fe + sorbitol + citric acid + dextrin

A

IRON SORBITEX

148
Q

Dental protective

A

Zinc eugenol cement

149
Q

Kalburo

A

Ca carbide

150
Q

EXPLOTAB

Tab disintegrant

A

Sodium starch glycolate

151
Q

Artificial sweetener

A

Sodium saccharin

152
Q

180-200x sweeter than sucrose

A

Aspartame

153
Q

Mineral chameleon

Dark purple-black crytals/granular powder

A

Potassium permanganate

154
Q

High Li level = ?

A

Low Na, K levels

155
Q

High F levels = ?

A

Low I2 level

156
Q

High Al level = ?

A

Low PO4 level

157
Q

High P (PO4), Mg, Ga, Cd levels = ?

A

Low Ca level

158
Q

EXAMPLES OF CONTRACTANTS

A
  • Skeletal and Cardiac - K+, Ca+
  • Smooth muscle (depolarization) - Na+
    (hyperpolarization) - Cl- influx/K+ efflux
159
Q

EXAMPLES OF SEDATIVE

A

Li & Br
Mg
Boric acid

160
Q

EXAMPLES OF IMMUNOSTIMULANTS

A

Zn, Ge

161
Q

RESPIRATORY STIMULANTS

A

CO2 & NH3

162
Q

CO2 ABSORBERS

A

HYDROXIDES
Na, Ca, K

Barium

163
Q

EXPECTORANTS

A 
NH4
H2O
Sb
I
Citrates
164
Q

ANTACIDS that cx rebound hyperacidity

A

Na & Ca antacids

165
Q

ANTACIDS w/o cx rebound hyperacidity

A

AlO3
Al(OH)2
As2O3

166
Q

DEMULCENTS

A

Al & Bi cmpds

Silicates specifically Mg silicates

167
Q

CX CONSTIPATION

A

FeSO4, BaSO4, Ca, Al

168
Q

CX DIARRHEA

A

Mg, Hg, P (PO4), S (SO4)

169
Q

ADSORBENTS

A

Activated charcoal
Silica
Alumina

170
Q

DESENSITIZERS

A

ZnCl2 - Astring-o-sol
SrCl2 - Sensodyne
KNO3
AgNO3

171
Q

ANTIOXIDANTS

A 
Metabisulfite
SO2
Thiosulfates
Hypophosphite
VIT C
172
Q

WET DRESSINGS

A

AgNO3

Dobell’s soln

173
Q

STYOTIC/HEMOSTATIC

A

Al3+, Fe3+

174
Q

TX FOR WARTS

A

Cryotherapy (liq. nitrogen & dry ice)

AgNO3

CHEMISTRY (5 decks)

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