Innate vs Acquired Flashcards

1
Q

What is the link between the innate and acquired immune systems?

A

Macrophages. They phagocytose the invaders and present them to T0 cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do macrophages secrete that turns a To into a Th1 cell?

A

IL-12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the Th1 cell secrete after it has been converted from a To cell?

A

Interferon gamma which feeds back to the macrophage (along with NK and other cells in the IIS) and IL-2 which also feeds back on itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What effect does gamma interferon (secreted by Th1) have on macrophages?

A

It enhances its activity within the innate immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the IL-12 gamma interferon axis?

A

Macrophage secretes IL-12 which turns T0 cells into Th1 cells. They then secrete gamma interferon which stimulates the macrophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What other effect does the IL-2 secreted by the Th1 cell have besides enhancing itself?

A

It activates cytotoxic T cells which kill cells infected with the pathogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does a cytotoxic T cell know a cell has a pathogen?

A

It attaches to a MHC1 on the surface of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is MHCII?

A

It is a surface protein on all APCs that shows the antigen (of an exogenous pathogen) to the rest of the immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the antigen presenting cells?

A

Macrophages

B cells

Dendritic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What kind of cells in the body have MHCI?

A

All nucleated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What cytokine will convert T0 to Th2?

What cell produces this cytokine?

A

IL-4

It is produced by an unknown cell in the immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What cytokines does Th2 secrete and what cell do they in turn act on?

A

IL-4 and IL-5

They act on B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Once a B cell is activated by Th2 what does it become? What does it then produce?

A

A plasma cell

It produces immunoglobulins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly