Innate Immunity Flashcards
synonyms: PMN
Neutrophil
Polymorphonuclear cell
selectin
wh: cell adhesion molecules
whr: by endothelial cells
wn: local inflammation
f(x): promoting rolling of neutrophils
integrins (PMN)
wh: cell anchoring molecules
whr: PMN cells
wn: rolling PMNs, inflammatory agents
f(x): bind to ICAMs, facilitate chemotaxis
process: neutrophil rolling/ chemotaxis
bold words: selectin, rolling, ICAMs, integrins, chemokine gradients
NK cells: activating receptors
wh: receptor, binds to stressed cells
whr: NK cells surface
wn: constitutive
f(x): activates killing/ cytokine
NK cells: inhibitory receptors
wh: receptors, bind to MHCI
whr: NK cell surfaces
wn: constitutively expressed
f(x): prevent killing (autoimmunity)
Mast cells and Basophils release:
histamine, cytokines, TNFalpha, IL-8, IL-5, and Platelet Activating Factor
Effect: vasodilation, vascular permeability, neutrophil attraction, eosinophils, and basophils
Major Basic Protein
a protein released by eosinophils that targets helminths and other invaders too large to be phagocytosed
synonyms: Langerhans Cell, IDC, FDC
Dendritic Cells
Langerhans Cells-skin
Interdigitating cells- lymph node, T cell area
Follicular Cells- lymphoid tissue
Langerhans Cells
dendritic cells of the skin
Interdigitating Cells
dendritic cells of the lymph node, T cell area
Follicular Dendritic Cells
lymphoid tissue, b cell follicles
monocytes
macrophages, blood stream
kupffer cells
macrophages, liver
mesangial cells
macophages, kidney
alveolar macrophages (dust cells)
lungs
microglial cells
brain
mechanism: movement of macrophage to microbe
chemotactic signals (MDP, C)
attachment to the phagocyte surface
mannose, C, and Fc receptors
endocytosis of microbe into a phagosome
invagination of surface membrane
fusion of phagosome with a lysosome
microtubules involved
killing of microbe
oxygen dependent : ROS, NO
independent: lysosomal proteins
phagocyte oxidase
converts molecular oxygen into superoxide anion and free radicals
chronic granulomatous disease
defect in phaogcyte oxidase
NOD is to ____ as TLR is to ____
intracellular pattern receptors v.
extracellular pattern receptors
mannose receptors
f(x): mannosyl/fucosyl structures
wr: macrophages, endothelial, dendritic
CD14
f(x): lipopolysaccharide
wr: macrophages
scavenger receptors
f(x): carbohydrates or lipids
wr: macrophages
toll-like receptors
f(x): LPS, peptidoglycan, glucans
wr: APCs, macrophages, lymphocytes, other cells
PRR
wh: pattern recognition receptors
f(x): germline expressed receptors that recognized patterns on pathogenic molecules
Interferon Type I
wh: IFN alpha/ beta
whr: all nucleated cells
wn: virally infected cells
f(x): prevent protein synthesis
Interferon Type II
wh: IFN gamma
whr: leukocytes NK cells, CD4/CD8 Tcells
wn: viral infection
f(x): increases phagocytic activity
C-reactive protein
wh: C-reative protein
f(x): binds bacterial phosphoryl cholin
activates C
SAA
wh: Serum Amyloid A
f(x): activates C and acts as an opsonin
MBP
wh:mannose binding protein
f(x):binds mannose on bacteria, activates C
complement proteins
f(x): chemotaxis, opsonization, enhancement of microbial killing
metal binding proteins
removes metal ions required for bacterial growht
alpha1, anti-trypsin, anti-chymotrypsin
protease inhibitors
