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Immunology > Innate Immunity > Flashcards

Innate Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

synonyms: PMN

A

Neutrophil

Polymorphonuclear cell

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2
Q

selectin

A

wh: cell adhesion molecules
whr: by endothelial cells
wn: local inflammation
f(x): promoting rolling of neutrophils

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3
Q

integrins (PMN)

A

wh: cell anchoring molecules
whr: PMN cells
wn: rolling PMNs, inflammatory agents
f(x): bind to ICAMs, facilitate chemotaxis

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4
Q

process: neutrophil rolling/ chemotaxis

A

bold words: selectin, rolling, ICAMs, integrins, chemokine gradients

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5
Q

NK cells: activating receptors

A

wh: receptor, binds to stressed cells
whr: NK cells surface
wn: constitutive
f(x): activates killing/ cytokine

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6
Q

NK cells: inhibitory receptors

A

wh: receptors, bind to MHCI
whr: NK cell surfaces
wn: constitutively expressed
f(x): prevent killing (autoimmunity)

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7
Q

Mast cells and Basophils release:

A

histamine, cytokines, TNFalpha, IL-8, IL-5, and Platelet Activating Factor
Effect: vasodilation, vascular permeability, neutrophil attraction, eosinophils, and basophils

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8
Q

Major Basic Protein

A

a protein released by eosinophils that targets helminths and other invaders too large to be phagocytosed

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9
Q

synonyms: Langerhans Cell, IDC, FDC

A

Dendritic Cells
Langerhans Cells-skin
Interdigitating cells- lymph node, T cell area
Follicular Cells- lymphoid tissue

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10
Q

Langerhans Cells

A

dendritic cells of the skin

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11
Q

Interdigitating Cells

A

dendritic cells of the lymph node, T cell area

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12
Q

Follicular Dendritic Cells

A

lymphoid tissue, b cell follicles

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13
Q

monocytes

A

macrophages, blood stream

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14
Q

kupffer cells

A

macrophages, liver

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15
Q

mesangial cells

A

macophages, kidney

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16
Q

alveolar macrophages (dust cells)

A

lungs

17
Q

microglial cells

A

brain

18
Q

mechanism: movement of macrophage to microbe

A

chemotactic signals (MDP, C)

19
Q

attachment to the phagocyte surface

A

mannose, C, and Fc receptors

20
Q

endocytosis of microbe into a phagosome

A

invagination of surface membrane

21
Q

fusion of phagosome with a lysosome

A

microtubules involved

22
Q

killing of microbe

A

oxygen dependent : ROS, NO

independent: lysosomal proteins

23
Q

phagocyte oxidase

A

converts molecular oxygen into superoxide anion and free radicals

24
Q

chronic granulomatous disease

A

defect in phaogcyte oxidase

25
Q

NOD is to ____ as TLR is to ____

A

intracellular pattern receptors v.

extracellular pattern receptors

26
Q

mannose receptors

A

f(x): mannosyl/fucosyl structures

wr: macrophages, endothelial, dendritic

27
Q

CD14

A

f(x): lipopolysaccharide

wr: macrophages

28
Q

scavenger receptors

A

f(x): carbohydrates or lipids

wr: macrophages

29
Q

toll-like receptors

A

f(x): LPS, peptidoglycan, glucans

wr: APCs, macrophages, lymphocytes, other cells

30
Q

PRR

A

wh: pattern recognition receptors

f(x): germline expressed receptors that recognized patterns on pathogenic molecules

31
Q

Interferon Type I

A

wh: IFN alpha/ beta
whr: all nucleated cells
wn: virally infected cells
f(x): prevent protein synthesis

32
Q

Interferon Type II

A

wh: IFN gamma
whr: leukocytes NK cells, CD4/CD8 Tcells
wn: viral infection
f(x): increases phagocytic activity

33
Q

C-reactive protein

A

wh: C-reative protein
f(x): binds bacterial phosphoryl cholin
activates C

34
Q

SAA

A

wh: Serum Amyloid A

f(x): activates C and acts as an opsonin

35
Q

MBP

A

wh:mannose binding protein

f(x):binds mannose on bacteria, activates C

36
Q

complement proteins

A

f(x): chemotaxis, opsonization, enhancement of microbial killing

37
Q

metal binding proteins

A

removes metal ions required for bacterial growht

38
Q

alpha1, anti-trypsin, anti-chymotrypsin

A

protease inhibitors

Immunology (8 decks)

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