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Foriensic Medicine > Injury,Trauma,Wound > Flashcards

Injury,Trauma,Wound Flashcards

1
Q

Define trauma /injury legally

A

Medical:-
Physical injury to the body

Legal :-
Any harm whatsoever in nature ilegally caused to body,mind,reputation or property.

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2
Q

Define trauma/injury medicolegally

A

Breach / dissolution of natural continuity of any of the tissues of a living body by actual physical violence.

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3
Q

Legal Classification of trauma (legal aspects)

A

Simple Hurt
Grevious Hurt

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4
Q

Medicolegal classification of trauma

A

Mechanical
Thermal
Chemical
Electrical
Lightning
Radiation
Explosion

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5
Q

Classification of trauma depending on order of impotence

A

Accidents at home
Accidents at work
Road traffic accidents
Sports injury
Homicide/suicide

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6
Q

Types of mechanical trauma

A

Blunt force
Sharp force
Firearm injuries

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7
Q

Abrasion ,contusion,laceration are types of

A

Blunt force trauma

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8
Q

Incised wound, stab wound, chop wound are type of

A

Sharp force trauma

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9
Q

Firearm injuries include

A

Rifled firearm
By smooth bored firearm
Foriensic ballistics

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10
Q

Abrasion

A

Superficial
Displacement of only epidermis by friction

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11
Q

Causes of abrasion

A

Fall on rough
Blow with blunt
Dragging by vehicle
Hurt nails,thorns,bites

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12
Q

Clinical features of abrasion

A

Min bleeding
Rapid heal(<7 days)
No permanent scar

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13
Q

Abrasion classification

A

Scratches
Grazes
Brush burns (tangential)(serrated margin+heaped epithelium)
Rope burns (blisters)
Pressure abrasion (friction, crushing)
Impact abrasion (imprint,contact,pattern abrasion)

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14
Q

Age of abrasion

A

Fresh- bright red
12-24 hr- scab of dried blood +lymph
2-3 days- scab turns brown
7days- scab dries , shinks and falls

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15
Q

Postmorterm abrasion /postmortem injuries /excoriated skin by excreta /pressure sores can be mistaken by

A

An abrasion

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16
Q

Medicolegal imp of abrasion

A

Site of impact
Direction of force
Sign of severe internal injury
Identify causative weapon
Determine time of injury
Assess the motive
Abrasions on cadaver

17
Q

Contusion /bruise /haematoma

A

Haemorrhage into skin /tissues /both due to rupture of small blood vessels(capillaries) by a blunt impact.

18
Q

Causes of contusion

A

Blunt force (fist /stone /stick /bar)

19
Q

Clinical findings of contusion

A

Colour
Site
Size
Shape
No external bleed
Heals in 15 days
Visceral contusions can be fatal

20
Q

Classification of bruises

A

Superficial
Deep
Patterned

21
Q

Features of superficial bruise

A

Raised /swelling
Blood infiltration(subcutaneous tissue)

22
Q

Deep /delayed /migratory /ectopic bruises features

A

Mild swelling
Delayed apperance
Can also be seen different than the site of injury

23
Q

Features of patterned bruises

A

Round/ oval shape
Causative weapon shape
Tram/ railway line bruise
Blood vessels bleeds from edges due to increased pressure (parallel bruises)

24
Q

Factors affecting bruising

A

Tissue type /site (senstive areas )
Size of body (obese )
Age (child/old easily bruised)
Sex (females)
Skin Colour (fair skin)
Natural disease (atherosclerosis,purpura,leukemia,scurvy)
Gravity shifting of blood (black eye, bruised ankle

25
Q

Bruise can be confused with

A

Artificial bruises/fabricated wounds
Postmortem bruising
Postmortem lividity

26
Q

Execution of assault is known as

A

Battery

27
Q

Homicide

A

Killing of a human by another human being

28
Q

Types of homicide

A

Lawful (justifiable/ excusable)
Unlawful (culpable homicide / murder /death by negligence

29
Q

Types of bruise (contusion)

A

Intradermal
Subcutaneous
Deep

Caused by violent blunt force

30
Q

Ectopic /migratory bruise

A

Extravasated blood tracks down due to gravity along fascial planes and reappears at a sight below

31
Q

Colour changes in bruise

A

Fresh (reddish)(bright red in CO poisoning)
1-3 day (bluish black/ purple)
4 day (brownish) (haemosiderin)
5-6 day (greenish) (haematoidin)
7-10 day (yellow) (bilirubin)
2weeks (completely heals)

In children heals faster

32
Q

Medicolegal importance of bruise /contusion

A

Age of bruise (colour changes)
Battered baby syndrome (six penny bruises)
Subconjunctival haemorrhage does not show colour changes (haemoglobin kept oxygenated by air)
Differentiation from postmortem hypostasis

Artificial bruises(calotropis, semicarpus, plumbago)
Postmortem bruises (sharply demarcated margins)

33
Q

Types of lacerations

A

Split
Tear
Cut
Stretch
Avulsion

34
Q

Dupuytren’s classification

A

Degree 1-6

35
Q

Hebra’s classification

A

Degree 1-3

36
Q

Wilson’s classification

A

Epidermal
Dermoepidermal
Deep

Foriensic Medicine (10 decks)

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