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Excercise Physiology - Physical Education > Injury & Prevention > Flashcards

Injury & Prevention Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of injury

A

Acute and chronic

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2
Q

Define an acute injury

A

An injury which is received suddenly causing immediate pain, swelling or discomfort

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3
Q

What are the sporting examples of acute injury

A

Broken bones
Sprains and strains
Torn ligaments
Dislocations

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4
Q

What are the causes of acute injury

A

Collisions
Overestimating ability
Falling

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5
Q

Define a chronic injury

A

An injury which develops overtime, as a result of playing sport for many years or overusing muscles/ligaments/bones

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6
Q

Does acute or chronic cause more pain

A

Acute, chronic is more of a discomfort

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7
Q

What are the sporting examples of chronic injuries

A

Tennis and golf elbow
Shin splints
Tendonitis
Stress fractures

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8
Q

What are the causes of chronic injury

A

Overuse/overtraining
Poor technique
Changes in equipment or clothing

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9
Q

What is a fracture

A

Acute injury
A break or crack in the bone

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10
Q

What is a dislocation

A

Acute injury
The ends of bones are forced out of position

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11
Q

What is a sprain

A

Acute injury
Where a ligament is stretched too far and so tears

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12
Q

What is a strain

A

Acute injury
Where muscle fibres are stretched too far and tear
Also referred to as pulled/torn muscle

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13
Q

What is Achilles tendonitis

A

Chronic injury
The Achilles tendon becomes inflamed and painful

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14
Q

What does the Achilles tendon join

A

The gastrocnemius to the heel bone

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15
Q

What is a stress fracture

A

Chronic injury
A tiny crack in the bone caused by repetitive force (eg shin splints)

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16
Q

What is tennis/golf elbow

A

Chronic injury
A condition causing pain around the outside of the elbow, occurring after repeated action of the muscles in the forearm nearing the elbow joint

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17
Q

What is tennis elbow clinically known as

A

Lateral epicondylitis

18
Q

What methods can be used to prevent injury

A

Screening
Protective equipment
Warm ups
Flexibility training
Taping and bracing

19
Q

What is screening

A

Screening identifies imbalances and asymmetries in common to locate areas of weakness
It can be used to test for high cardiac rest to prevent cases of cardiac arrest etc

20
Q

What are some examples of protective equipment

A

Collision barrier
Shin pads
Helmet
Gum shield

21
Q

What is passive flexibility training

A

Where the stretched is maintained using external forces or objects eg another person or a wall

22
Q

What is active flexibility training

A

Stretch is maintained by contraction of the agonist muscle

23
Q

What is static stretching

A

Muscle is held/stretched in a stationary position for 30 seconds or more

24
Q

What is ballistic stretching

A

Stretches performed with a swinging/bouncing movement to push a range of motion further

25
Q

Do you tape muscles or joints?

A

Muscles

26
Q

Do you brace muscles or joints

A

Joints

27
Q

Are muscles taped or braced

A

Taped

28
Q

Are joints taped or braced

A

Braced

29
Q

What methods are used in injury rehabilitation

A

Proprioceptive training
Strength training (body weight, theraband excercises)
Hyperbaric chambers
Cryotherapy
Hydrotherapy

30
Q

What is proprioceptive training designed for

A

Designed to improve/restore the body’s ability to subconsciously control the position of a joint

31
Q

How do proprioceptive training achieve subconscious control of position of a joint

A

Hopping, jumping, balancing exercises are used

32
Q

How are body weight exercises used for injury rehab

A

The body is used as resistance to develop core strength, better posture and address muscle imbalance

33
Q

Examples of bodyweight exercises

A

Planks, squats, lunges

34
Q

What are therabands

A

Latex bands which offer a range of different resistance levels

35
Q

When are therabands used

A

When a performer is not strong enough for traditional weight training or when targeting small difficult movements

36
Q

What are hyperbaric chambers

A

A chamber pressurised with 100% oxygen

37
Q

How do hyperbaric chambers help performers

A

They speed up recovery

38
Q

What is cryotherapy

A

Performer enters a cryogenic chamber which cools temperatures down to -100 degrees celcius using liquid nitrogen

39
Q

Why is hydrotherapy

A

Performing activity in a pool of warm water

40
Q

What does hydrotherapy improve

A

Circulation

41
Q

What is the main benefit of hydrotherapy? Why?

A

Buoyancy of water helps support body weight, this decreases the load on joints

Excercise Physiology - Physical Education (9 decks)

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