Injectables Flashcards
What routes can be used?
IV
IM
SC
IP
What is TIVA?
Total Intravenous Anaesthesia
This is an alternative to gaseous anaesthetic
Avoids the side effects of inhalational agents
What does the route of admin effect?
- Speed of anaesthesia onset
- Anaesthetic duration
- Its peak effect
Where are most anaesthetics metabolised?
In the liver, converting from lipid to water soluble molecules which can be excreted in the bile or urine.
What is Propofol?
A water soluble phenol derivative and its appearance is of a milk white oil emulsion
What are the characteristics of Propofol?
Rapid loss of consciousness
Rapid recovery, metabolised by liver
Useful in TIVA techniques
What are some of the advantages of Propofol?
Rapid metabolism and recovery
Free from hangover if single dose given
Non-cumulative therefore can be used as part of a TIVA protocol
Non-irritant peri-vascularly
What are some disadvantages of Propofol?
May cause apnoea if injected too fast
May cause hypotension and occasional bradycardia
May cause twitching, spontaneous muscle activity and excitable recoveries
Can cause mild pain on injection
How is Propofol stored?
28 day shelf-life
Store below 25 degree and do not freeze
Disposed of immediately after use
Advantages of alfaxone
Smooth rapid induction
rapid recovery
Advantages of Ketamine
Can be given in no. of routes
Causes dissociative anaesthesia
Can be used alone in cats
What considerations should be taken with ketamine?
Schedule 2 controlled drug
Must be stored in a locked cupboard and a register kept
What are signs of dissociative anaesthesia?
Eyes remain open, Pupils dilated Protective airway reflexes maintained cranial nerve reflexes less depressed compared to other agents HR increases, BP maintained Salivation increases
Disadvantages of alfaxone
Adequate pre-med required
Disadvantages of ketamine
Muscle relaxation is poor Slow anaesthesia onset Ocular lubrication required I/M is painful Can cause a stormy recovery
