Injectable anaesthesia in horses and swine

Question 1

Sedation used in horses

Answer 1

Xylazine (IV)
Detemodine (IV) 
Romifidine (IM)
Xylazine + butorphanol (IV)
Detmodine + butorphanol (IV)

Question 2

General anaesthesia used in horses

Answer 2

Xylazine/detemodine + ketamine
Xylazine/detemodine + diazepam
“triple dip”

Question 3

What is the “triple dip”?

Answer 3

Guaifenesin + xylazine + ketamine

Question 4

What drugs cannot be used in stallions and why?

Answer 4

Acepromazine

- causes priapism

Question 5

What drug cannot be used in foals <4 weeks?

Answer 5

a-2-agonists

Use diazepam + ketamine instead

Question 6

Why use combination drugs for sedation?

Answer 6

If not used in combination with LA, or if required further pain control

Question 7

What drugs should not be used in horses?

Answer 7

Anti-cholinergics (unless to prevent bradycardia) as cause colic

Question 8

Technique for injectable anaesthesia in horses

Answer 8

Inject LA near jugular farrow

Inject GA into jugular, approximately half way down neck

Question 9

Sedation used in pigs

Answer 9

Azaperone + metomidate
Thiopental
Diazepam + ketamine

Question 10

Short term anaesthesia in pigs?

Answer 10

Thiopental

Question 11

Long-term anaesthesia in pigs?

Answer 11

Xylazine + ketamine

Ketamine midazolam

Question 12

Technique for injectable anaesthesia in pigs

Answer 12

Inject into vena auricularis - for small amounts

Into vena cava cranialis (between scapula) when they are already anaesthetised