Inhibtiors Flashcards
What are competitive inhibitors?
They bind to the same site as the substrate, preventing the substrate from binding but are not changed by the enzyme
What is the shape of competitive inhibitors?
They have a similar shape to the substrate and they have a complementary shape to the active site so they cannot bind to
How do competitive inhibitors work?
The bind to the active site so the active site is blocked so substrate cannot enter the active site and an enzyme-inhibitor complex is formed, so not product is formed
How do competitive inhibitors bind?
Temporarily to active site so effects are reversible
How do you override the effects of competitive inhibitors?
By increasing substrate concentration
What is the effect of competitive inhibitors?
They reduce the rate of reaction but don’t alter Vmax
What is an exception of competitive inhibitors?
Aspirin, as it binds permanently
What are examples of competitive inhibitors?
Statins and aspirin
How to non-competitive inhibitors work?
They bind to some other site on the enzyme, altering the tertiary structure and the shape of the active site.
Ho do non-competitive inhibitors bind?
Allosterically
What is altered by non-competitive inhibitors?
The tertiary structure and active site so substrate no longer fits active site
What is the effect of non-competitive inhibitors?
No enzymes-substrate or enzyme-product complex is formed so no product is formed
What is the effect of adding more substrate to non-competitive inhibitors?
It does not alter inhibition
What are irreversible non-competitive inhibitors?
They are often very toxic
What is an example of non-competitive inhibitors?
Organophosphate in insecticides and herbicides inhibit the enzyme acetyl cholinesterase
