Inheritance, decent and residence

Question 1

Types of inheritance/descent

Answer 1

Matrilineal: traces lineages through the female line
Patrilineal: traces lineage through male line
Bilineal/Bilateral: traces lineage through both lines; power and property can be transferred to both males and females

Question 2

Types of residence

Answer 2

Patrilocal: bride changes residence and lives with the parents of the groom
Matrilocal: groom changes residence and lives with the parents of the bride
Bilocal: couple lives near the parents of either spouse
Neolocal: couples live in home of their own that may be located

Question 3

Types of societies

Answer 3

-Hunting and gathering
-Primitive Horticulture
-Advanced Horticulture and Plow Culture
-Agrarian States
-Industrial States
-Post Industrial Societies

Question 4

For H&G families

Answer 4

Simple unit; Monogamous couple with non-adult children

Question 5

PH Families

Answer 5

-Begin too complex marriage rules, whole societies are connected together by marriage exchanges
-Marriage typically outside of immediate families
-26% of societies matrilineal 15% matrilocal

Question 6

Advanced Horticulture and the Plow

Answer 6

Metal tools aided farming
Helps sustain larger populations (

Question 7

Advanced Horticultural families

Answer 7

27% matrilineal, 5% matrilocal
Stratification more pronounced start to see families divided int social classes
Complex family structures with lots of people in them

Question 8

Agrarian Societies

Answer 8

-animal power, rather than human labor
-population gets big
-stratification extrem
-2% of population has all the wealth
-Division of labor among men and women becomes large
-Development of a powerful government state
-The governmental aristocracy has the power
-Also, their “families” included all their property (servants, slaves,…)

Question 9

Gender and large populations

Answer 9

-women do best in local communities
-larger societies tend to have male-dominated networks of warfare and politics, the state limits women’s rights
-welathy women in agrarian societies often secluded and limited. Peasant women had much more freedom. 4% matrilineal

Question 10

Children in Agrarian states

Answer 10

-children expected to mature and be adult like faster than in later Industrial societies
-“Breeched” by about 7 years old
-Aries, Gordon