Inheritance

Question 1

This is a method used in order to show all the POSSIBLE combinations of genotypes and phenotypes in a cross of parents.

Answer 1

Punnett Square

Question 2

What is the process of forming a Punnett square?

Answer 2

1. Identify the Parents’ Genotypes
2. Identify the Gamete Genotypes
3. Get the Phenotype and Genotype Ratio

Question 3

Why is it that that the number of offsprings showing the phenotype does not always match?

Answer 3

This is due to the nature of Random Fertilisation of eggs by sperm. (when gametes combine randomly)

Question 4

This is used in order to identify whether an individual with an unknown genotype is homozygous (pure breed) for a particular trait?

Answer 4

Test Cross

Question 5

How does a Test Cross work?

Answer 5

The unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive. If at least one of their offsprings acquires the “recessive trait” then the unknown genotype is heterozygous.

Question 6

Shows the genetic relationships between the members of the same family

Answer 6

Pedigree Charts

Question 7

what are the 2 functions of pedigree charts?

Answer 7

1. In order to determine which allele is dominant

2. In order to determine the genotype of individuals