Inheritance Flashcards
What are genes?
Genes are the small section of DNA found in the chromosome
What is DNA?
DNA is the chemical found in genetic material
What is DNA made of?
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C)
What is a genome?
An entire set of genetic material
What happens in asexual reproduction?
Cells divide into 2. Only 1 parent cell makes 2 daughter cells.. No fusion of gametes. No genetic variation.
What happens in sexual reproduction?
Cells divide into 4. Needs 2 parent cells. Makes 4 daughter cells. Fusion of gametes. Genetic variation
What are genotypes
Refers to the two alleles (BB)
What is an allele?
Different versions of the same gene
What are phenotypes?
The observable characteristics
What does homozygous mean?
Identical genotypes
What does heterozygous mean?
Different genotypes`
What is polydactyly?
Caused by a dominant genome. Results in extra fingers or toes. Only one allele is required. Can take the extra fingers or toes
What is cystic fibrosis?
Caused by a recessive genome. Results in a thick and sticky mucus. Needs 2 alleles to gain the disease. Untreatable
